In 991 Aleppo was added to the Fatimid Empire which, beginning at the
river Orontes and the desert of Syria, extended to Morocco. In view of
this great success and its danger to the Abbasids the world was
informed now from Bagdad that the Fatimid dynasty was spurious; that
the first Kalif installed at Mahdiya was no descendant of the Prophet,
he was merely the son of that Ahmed who was a son of Abdallah, son of
Maimun Kaddah, son of Daisan the Dualist, his mother being a Jewess.
Hence he was son of that Ahmed whose emissary, Hussein of Ahwas, had
raised up and trained the detestable Karmath, whose crimes, and the
crimes of whose followers, had tortured all Islam for a century.
That society, or order, which met at the famed House of Science in
Cairo, was dreaming of power night and day and struggling always to win
it. Power it could reach by supplanting the Abbasids, but not in
another way, hence this order aimed at the overthrow of the Abbasids.
It also spread secret doctrines by its Dayis (political and religious
missionaries) continually. Through this activity the Fatimids were
rising. Meanwhile the Abbasids were failing till Emir Bessassiri, a
partisan of the Fatimids, seized and held for one year the two highest
marks of dominion in Islam, the mint and the pulpit at Bagdad in the
name of Mostansir the Kalif at Cairo, and would have held them much
longer had not his career been cut short in 1058 by Togrul the first
Seljuk Sultan, who hastened to the rescue of the Abbasids. Meanwhile
the Dayis from Cairo and their aids filled a great part of Asia with
their labors.
One of these Dayis, Hassan Ben Sabah, founded a sect, the Eastern
Ismailites, renowned later as the Assassins. This Hassan was son of
Ali, a Shiite of the old city Rayi, who claimed that his father, Sabah
Homairi, had gone from Kufa to Kum and later to Rayi. People from Tus
in Khorassan, and others insisted that his ancestors had passed all
their lives in Khorassan. Ali, suspected of heresy, made lying oaths
and confessions to clear himself; since his success was but partial he
strove to increase it by sending Hassan, his son, to the Nishapur
school of Movaffik, a sage of eighty years at that period, and the
first scholar among Sunnite believers.
This sage, it was said, brought happiness and good fortune to all whom
he instructed. His school was frequented by multitudes, and the success
of his pupils was proverbial. Among his last students were three
classmates, later on very famous: Omar Khayyam, the astronomer and
poet; Nizam ul Mulk, the first statesman of the period, and Hassan Ben
Sabah, who founded a sect upon sophisms, and a State upon murder.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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