The raids of the Polovtsi and the campaigns of Russian princes against
them were so many that it would not be possible to describe them in
detail. They were an incurable evil in Russia, and continued to be so
till the Mongol invasion and conquest put an end to them.
While Kief, the mother of Russian cities, was declining, Galitch was
forming a separate principality, and the influence of its western
neighbors rose more and more. Hungarians and Poles, who had joined
Latinized nations, could boast at this time that they formed in Eastern
Europe the foremost advance of Latin influence, the remotest boundary
of the Holy Roman-German Empire, beyond which was Russia. In the life
of Poles and Hungarians, there were many traits in common. First came
subjection of all the people by nobles, while the sovereign merely
focused the splendor of nobles and magnates. The sovereign held office
to preserve supreme privileges for nobles; beyond that he meant nothing
to them, and for the people he had no meaning whatever. From the nobles
came the laws, the disposition of wealth, the amount of taxation and
its character. The income from lands and towns, and all the government
of the country was in possession of the upper class solely, hence the
amazing concentration of wealth in their hands. The nobles did as they
pleased, while the people endured all that was put on them. Hungarians
and Poles yielded themselves to the West in religion. Their learning
was Western, and, for the greater part also, their vices. They imparted
these vices to their neighbors of Galitch, where they found a place in
the palace and brought about a great riot, which ended in the burning
alive of Anastasia, the mistress of Eight Minds, whose legal wife had
fled to seek an asylum with her brother Vsevolod, Prince of Vladimir,
at that time generally called Big Nest. Later on riots were frequent,
and the power of the boyars grew daily.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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