The caterpillar is reddish brown with pale dots, and with {19} three whitish lines along the back; a pale stripe along the sides. Head, pale brown, shining. May be found from April to June on beech, or on maple where this occurs around beech woods. At first it feeds on the buds, but later on the leaves; for protection during the day it spins together two of the leaves, and so forms a suitable resting place. Sycamore, it may be mentioned, is acceptable to this caterpillar when reared in captivity. The moth is out in September and early October, and is chiefly found in the neighbourhood of beech woods, especially those in chalky districts in Oxford and adjoining counties, Hertfordshire, Middlesex, Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk, Kent, Surrey, Sussex, Wilts, Somerset, Dorset, and Devon. It also occurs in the counties of Hereford, Worcester, and Cheshire; it has been found in Yorkshire since 1890 in several localities, including Barnsley, Doncaster, Huddersfield, and Rotherham. At least one specimen has been recorded from Pembrokeshire, and others from Flint and Denbighshire, in Wales. THE PINK-BARRED SALLOW (_Xanthia lutea_ (_flavago_)). In some examples of this species (Plate 10, Figs. 4, 5) the oblique band of the fore wings is purplish, and in others red or reddish; the former are typical, and the latter are referable to ab. _ochreago_, Borkhausen. Often the band is incomplete, and sometimes it is only indicated by three more or less regular series of reddish dots (ab. _togata_, Esper). I have one example of this form from the Isle of Hoy, and another specimen from the same locality is somewhat similar, but the spots are not so well separated, and are purplish in colour. The eggs (Plate 6, Fig. 3) are yellowish when laid, but become purplish later, and the ribs then appear whitish. The caterpillar when young lives on catkins of the sallow, and when these fall it feeds on low-growing plants, but it will {20} eat the leaves of sallow and the seeds of wych-elm. It may be found from March to June. The moth appears in September and October. It is widely distributed, and often common at the sugar patch, over the whole of England, Wales, Scotland up to Moray, and Ireland. The range abroad extends to Amurland, Japan, Kamtschatka, and North America. THE SALLOW (_Xanthia fulvago_). A typical male and female of this species are shown on Plate 10, Figs. 7, 8; Fig. 6 on the same plate represents ab. _flavescens_, Esper. Sometimes the fore wings are orange-tinged, and such examples having the typical markings well defined are referable to ab. _aurantia_, Tutt. In _cerago_, Hubner, the markings are fainter than in the type, and the orange-yellow modification of this form has been named _imperfecta_, Tutt.