The caterpillar and chrysalis are figured on Plate 101, Figs. 1, 1b; the former is creamy white, marked on the back with black blotches and dots, and lines of black dots on the sides; between the lower two rows is a broad reddish line; head, black; sometimes the whole body is black. It occurs in gardens, and sometimes is a serious pest where currants and gooseberries are cultivated; it frequently abounds on _Euonymus japonicus_. In the open country it feeds on sloe and hawthorn; sometimes it is found on elm (low growth in hedges), apple, navelwort (_Cotyledon umbilicus_), orpine (_Sedum telephium_), and in the Hebrides, on ling (_Calluna_). August to May, or early June, are the months in which it is found as a rule; occasionally it does not hibernate, but feeds up and attains the moth state in the autumn of the year that it hatches from the egg. The moth is out, normally, in July and August, and is generally distributed over the greater part of the British Isles. The range abroad extends to East Siberia, China, and Japan. CLOUDED BORDER (_Lomaspilis marginata_). Figs. 1 and 2 on Plate 107 represent the more usual forms, in both sexes, of this rather common, but pretty, little moth. Occasionally, specimens are obtained in which, with the exception of a dark patch or two on the front margin, the wings are entirely white or slightly tinged with pale yellowish (ab. _pollutaria_, Hubner); a modification of this form is shown in Fig. 3. [Illustration] 2 Pl. 104. 1-5. MAGPIE MOTH VARIETIES. 6-8. CLOUDED MAGPIE VARIETIES. [Illustration] 2 Pl. 105. 1. SCORCHED CARPET: _caterpillar_. 2. CLOUDED BORDER: _caterpillar_. 3. COMMON WHITE WAVE: _caterpillar_. {263} Ab. _nigrofasciaria_, Schoyen, has a rather broad blackish band across the central area of each wing, and indications of such bands, in the shape of spots or dots, are seen in many examples of the species; occasionally, the irregular dark border of the outer margin of the wings is traversed by an interrupted whitish line. The caterpillar is yellowish-green, with three dark-green double lines on the back, the central one blotched with purplish brown on the last ring; head, green, marked with purplish brown. The figure (Plate 105, Fig. 2) is from a drawing in colour by Mr. Sich. It feeds on sallow, willow, and aspen, and may be found almost throughout the summer from June. The moth is also met with during the summer months, but seems to be most frequent in May and June. The species prefers moist localities where sallows abound, and in such places seems to occur pretty generally over the British Isles. In Scotland, however, it has not, apparently, been noted north of Moray. The range abroad extends to Amurland and Japan. THE SCORCHED CARPET (_Ligdia adustata_).