The vast majority of those who employ capital for the making of profits
mingle their own daily labor in an intimate way with their capital.
A truck-driver who owns his own truck; a small grocer who lives at
the back of his grocery; a fisherman who owns his own nets and a
“one-lunger” motorboat--what is the economic motive in their case? It
is scarcely distinguishable from the motives of a skilled workman who
makes no profits, but receives wages only. Enough for the family to
eat; a comfortable home; opportunities for the children; recognition
by one’s fellows as amounting to something; a chance at amusements
and recreations (to own a radio-set and a motor-car, of course),
and--very important--security against sickness and old age--these are
the meanings of prosperity for such small capitalists, at least the
fundamental and primary meanings.
One of these meanings, as desire for security, may become dominant; or
secondary meanings may arise, as wanting to outdistance a particular
competitor; and the individual may so identify himself with the
mechanism of his occupation that his establishment becomes practically
an end in itself. So complicated, and so modifiable, is the economic
drive in its more simple and human aspects.
At the higher points in the scale of possessions and of power we see
the same fundamental motives at work, but in changed proportions and
with different proliferations. Some drives decrease or disappear simply
because there is now a regular and abundant supply for the wants
involved. When wealth comes, one no longer bothers much about mere
necessities; instead, one reaches out for luxuries, for variety, or
for intangible goods such as “standing” in “society” or in financial
circles.
The desire for security, rather paradoxically, appears to grow rather
than become quiescent when insecurity of the primary type recedes.
The reason is that the possessor tends to identify himself and his
family with his “pile,” so that whenever the “pile” increases, not
only is there more to protect against shrinkage, but there is also
a bigger-seeming self to feel the loss. It is said that perhaps
no other single motive plays as large a part in the minds of the
financially already-strong as longing to get safely above the buffets
of circumstance--to be utterly secure. But how much must one accumulate
if one is to be superior to the vicissitudes of fortune? In the words
of Harry Lauder, “When is a man fu’? Eh? Eh?” I protect what I have by
adding a financial outpost; then this requires protection. Thus the
motive of security transforms itself into the policy of increasing
possessions without limit.
Oddly enough, one of the motives of religion also is desire to be safe
in a changing and largely unpredictable world.
I have been young, and now am I old;
Yet have I never seen the righteous man forsaken,
Nor his children begging bread.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account