Indians of North America -- Manitoba -- Antiquities; Manitoba -- Antiquities; Mound-builders -- Manitoba
The main features of the story seem correct. The Toltecs seem to have
been allied to the Peruvians. Their skulls seem of the Brachycephalic
type. The Toltecs were agriculturists, were mechanical, industrial,
and constructive. In Mexico, and further south in Nicaragua, as well
as northward, large mounds remain which are traced to them. According
to the Aztec story the Toltecans spread in Mexico from the seventh to
the twelfth century at which latter day they were swept away. My
theory is that it was this race--which must have been very
numerous--which either came from Peru in South America, capturing
Mexico and then flowing northward; or perhaps came from New Mexico,
the American Scythia of that day, and sending one branch down into
Mexico, sent another down the Rio Grande, which then spread up the
Mississippi and its tributaries The mounds mark the course of this
race migration. They are found on the Mississippi. One part of the
race seems to have ascended the Ohio to the great lakes and the St.
Lawrence, another went up the Missouri, while another ascended the
Mississippi proper and gained communication from its head waters with
the Rainy and Red Rivers. When then did the crest of this wave of
migration reach its furthest northward point? Taking the seventh
century as the date of the first movement of the Toltecs toward
conquest in Mexico, I have set three or four centuries as the probable
time taken for multiplication and the displacement of former tribes,
until they reached and possessed this northern region of "The
Takagamies," or far north mound builders. This would place their
occupation of Rainy River in the eleventh century. Other
considerations to which I shall refer seem to sustain this as the
probable date. The grand mound is by far the
LARGEST MOUND
on Rainy River. It is likewise at the mouth of the Bowstring River,
which is its largest tributary and affords the readiest means of
access from the Mississippi up which the Toltecan flood of emigration
was surging. My theory is that here in their new homes, for three
centuries they multiplied, cultivated the soil, and built the mounds
which are still a monument to their industry. Here they became less
warlike because more industrious, and hence less able to defend
themselves. I have already stated that the
AZTEC WHIRLWIND OF CONQUEST
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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