The Mute Stones Speak: The Story of Archaeology in ItalyMacKendrick, Paul Lachlan
History
The Mute Stones Speak: The Story of Archaeology in Italy
MacKendrick, Paul Lachlan
Italy -- Antiquities
The terrace marking the transition between the lower area and the
Upper Sanctuary used to be covered by houses and shops, all damaged or
destroyed by the 1944 bombing. When the debris was cleared away, it
was found that the modern buildings had rested on a two-level terrace
(I and II in the reconstruction), and had backed against and protected
from centuries of weathering 325 magnificent feet of polygonal wall.
The wall gives an architectonic front to the cliff and is at the same
time functional. Its top was the architect’s base line; on it he built
his complex, a splendid series of superimposed terraces, which, now
that the rubble from the bombing has been cleared away, is revealed in
all its magnificence, of ramps (III), Hemicycle Terrace (IV), Terrace
of Arches with Half-columns (V), and Cortina Terrace (VI), all leading
up to the final stepped hemicycle (VII) with the circular _tholos_ for
the cult statue at the very top. A draped torso in blue Rhodian marble
(now in the museum), of a size to fit the _tholos_--whose dimensions
are preserved in the fabric of the Barberini Palace--may be the cult
statue of the goddess Fortune: Lady Luck herself.
The next level is approached by a pair of imposing ramps running east
and west, converging on an axis. Fasolo and Gullini found that the
ramps were supported by a series of concrete vaults, concealed, all but
one, by a facing of _opus incertum_ (see p. 120). The exception is the
central vault, which was left open, lined with waterproof concrete,
and made into a fountain-house. The terrace in front of the ramps is
beautifully paved with polygonal blocks. A room--perhaps priests’
quarters--at the bottom of the left ramp is decorated in the Pompeian
First Style--embossed polychrome squares, red, buff, and green, with
dado. Houses at Pompeii thus decorated are dated between 150 and 80
B.C., so that this decoration accords with a Sullan date. The decorated
room is paved with waterproof cement with bits of white limestone
imbedded in it. The technique, called _lithostroton_, was in vogue in
Sulla’s time.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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