The Mythology of the British Islands: An Introduction to Celtic Myth, Legend, Poetry, and RomanceSquire, Charles
General
The Mythology of the British Islands: An Introduction to Celtic Myth, Legend, Poetry, and Romance
Squire, Charles
Celts -- Folklore; Mythology, Celtic
The opinion of more recent Celtic scholars, however, is opposed to this
view. Finn’s pedigree, preserved in the Book of Leinster, may seem at
first to give some support to the theory of his real existence, but, on
more careful examination of it, his own name and that of his father
equally bewray him. Finn or Fionn, meaning “fair”, is the name of one of
the mythical ancestors of the Gaels, while his father’s name,
Cumhal[230], signifies the “sky”, and is the same word as _Camulus_, the
Gaulish heaven-god identified by the Romans with Mars. His followers are
as doubtfully human as himself. One may compare them with Cuchulainn and
the rest of the heroes of Emain Macha. Their deeds are not less
marvellous. Like the Ultonian warriors, they move, too, on equal terms
with the gods. “The Fianna of Erin”, says a tract called “The Dialogue
of the Elders”,[231] contained in thirteenth and fourteenth century
manuscripts, “had not more frequent and free intercourse with the men of
settled habitation than with the Tuatha Dé Danann”.[232] Angus, Mider,
Lêr, Manannán, and Bodb the Red, with their countless sons and
daughters, loom as large in the Fenian, or so-called “Ossianic” stories
as do the Fenians themselves. They fight for them, or against them; they
marry them, and are given to them in marriage.
A luminous suggestion of Professor Rhys also hints that the Fenians
inherited the conduct of that ancient war formerly waged between the
Tuatha Dé Danann and the Fomors. The most common antagonists of Finn and
his heroes are tribes of invaders from oversea, called in the stories
the _Lochlannach_. These “Men of Lochlann” are usually identified, by
those who look for history in the stories of the Fenian cycle, with the
invading bands of Norsemen who harried the Irish coasts in the ninth
century. But the nucleus of the Fenian tales antedates these
Scandinavian raids, and mortal foes have probably merely stepped into
the place of those immortal enemies of the gods whose “Lochlann” was a
country, not over the sea—but under it.[233]
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