The Mythology of the British Islands: An Introduction to Celtic Myth, Legend, Poetry, and RomanceSquire, Charles
General
The Mythology of the British Islands: An Introduction to Celtic Myth, Legend, Poetry, and Romance
Squire, Charles
Celts -- Folklore; Mythology, Celtic
Even the well-known story of Myrddin’s, or Merlin’s final imprisonment
in a tomb of airy enchantment—“a tour withouten walles, or withoute eny
closure”—reads marvellously like a myth of the sun “with all his fires
and travelling glories round him”.[400] Encircled, shielded, and made
splendid by his atmosphere of living light, the Lord of Heaven moves
slowly towards the west, to disappear at last into the sea (as one local
version of the myth puts it), or on to a far-off island (as another
says), or into a dark forest (the choice of a third).[401] When the myth
became finally fixed, it was Bardsey Island, off the extreme westernmost
point of Caernarvonshire, that was selected as his last abode. Into it
he went with nine attendant bards, taking with him the “Thirteen
Treasures of Britain”, thenceforth lost to men. Bardsey Island no doubt
derives its name from this story; and what is probably an allusion to it
is found in a first-century Greek writer called Plutarch, who describes
a grammarian called Demetrius as having visited Britain, and brought
home an account of his travels. He mentioned several uninhabited and
sacred islands off our coasts which he said were named after gods and
heroes, but there was one especially in which Cronos was imprisoned with
his attendant deities, and Briareus keeping watch over him as he slept;
“for sleep was the bond forged for him”.[402] Doubtless this
disinherited deity, whom the Greek, after his fashion, called “Cronos”,
was the British heaven- and sun-god, after he had descended into the
prison of the west.
Among other new-comers is Kai, who, as Sir Kay the Seneschal, fills so
large a part in the later romances. Purged of his worst offences, and
reduced to a surly butler to Arthur, he is but a shadow of the earlier
Kai who murdered Arthur’s son Llacheu[403], and can only be acquitted,
through the obscurity of the poem that relates the incident, of having
also carried off, or having tried to carry off, Arthur’s wife,
Gwynhwyvar.[404] He is thought to have been a personification of
fire,[405] upon the strength of a description given of him in the
mythical romance of “Kulhwch and Olwen”. “Very subtle”, it says, “was
Kai. When it pleased him he could render himself as tall as the highest
tree in the forest. And he had another peculiarity—so great was the heat
of his nature, that, when it rained hardest, whatever he carried
remained dry for a handbreadth above and a handbreadth below his hand;
and when his companions were coldest, it was to them as fuel with which
to light their fire.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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