The Myths of the North American IndiansSpence, Lewis
History
The Myths of the North American Indians
Spence, Lewis
Indian mythology -- North America; Indians of North America -- Folklore
The Day of the Council of the Fetishes takes place a little before or
after the winter solstice or national New Year. The fetishes are taken
from their places of deposit, and arranged according to species and
colour in the form of a symbolic altar, quadrupeds being placed upright
and birds suspended from the roof. The fetishes are prayed to, and
prayer-meal is scattered over them. Chants are intoned, and a dance
performed in which the cries of the fetish beasts are imitated. A
prayer with responses follows. Finally all assemble round the altar
and repeat the great invocation.
The Fetish in Hunting
The use of fetishes in hunting among the Zuñi is extremely curious and
involved in its nature. The hunter goes to the house of the Deer
Medicine, where the vessel containing the fetish is brought out and
placed before him. He sprinkles meal over the sacred {97} vessel in
the direction in which he intends to hunt, chooses a fetish from it,
and presses it to his lips with an inspiration. He then places the
fetish in a buckskin bag over his heart. Proceeding to the hunt, he
deposits a spider-knot of yucca leaves where an animal has rested,
imitates its cry, and is supposed by this means to confine its
movements within a narrow circle. He then inspires deeply from the
nostrils of the fetish, as though inhaling the magic breath of the god
of prey, and then puffs the breath long and loudly in the direction
whence the beast's tracks trend, in the belief that the breath he has
borrowed from the prey-god will stiffen the limbs of the animal he
hunts. When the beast is caught and killed he inhales its suspiring
breath, which he breathes into the nostrils of the fetish. He then
dips the fetish in the blood of the slain quarry, sips the blood
himself, and devours the liver, in order that he may partake of the
animal's qualities. The fetish is then placed in the sun to dry, and
lastly replaced in the buckskin pouch with a blessing, afterward being
duly returned to the Keeper of the Deer Medicine.
Indian Theology
The late Professor Brinton, writing on the Indian attitude toward the
eternal verities, says:[3]
[3] _Myths of the New World_.
"Nature, to the heathen, is no harmonious whole swayed by eternal
principles, but a chaos of causeless effects, the meaningless play of
capricious ghosts. He investigates not, because he doubts not. All
events are to him miracles. Therefore his faith knows no bounds, and
those who teach him that doubt is sinful must contemplate him with
admiration....
"Natural religions rarely offer more than this negative opposition to
reason. They are tolerant to {98} a degree. The savage, void of any
clear conception of a supreme deity, sets up no claim that his is the
only true church. If he is conquered in battle he imagines that it is
owing to the inferiority of his own gods to those of his victor, and he
rarely, therefore, requires any other reasons to make him a convert.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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