The above mentioned officers, together with eight other members of the Society, known as Managers, shall constitute a Board of Managers. Officers and Managers shall be elected annually, by ballot, a majority of the votes cast being necessary to an election; they shall hold office until their successors are elected; and shall have power to fill vacancies occurring during the year. The President, or, in his absence, one of the Vice-Presidents, shall preside at the meetings of the Society and of the Board of Managers; he shall, together with the Recording Secretary, sign all written contracts and obligations of the Society, and attest its corporate seal; he shall deliver an annual address to the Society. Each Vice-President shall represent in the Society and in the Board of Managers, a department of geographic science, as follows: Geography of the Land, Geography of the Sea, Geography of the Air, Geography of Life, Geographic Art. The Vice-Presidents shall foster their respective departments within the Society; they shall present annually to the Society summaries of the work done throughout the world in their several departments. They shall be elected to their respective departments by the Society. The Vice-Presidents, together with the two Secretaries, shall constitute a committee of the Board of Managers on Communications and Publications. The Treasurer shall have charge of the funds of the Society, shall collect the dues, and shall disburse under the direction of the Board of Managers; he shall make an annual report; and his accounts shall be audited annually by a committee of the Society and at such other times as the Board of Managers may direct. The Secretaries shall record the proceedings of the Society and of the Board of Managers; shall conduct the correspondence of the Society; and shall make an annual report. The Board of Managers shall transact all the business of the Society, except such as may be presented at the annual meeting. It shall formulate rules for the conduct of its business. Nine members of the Board of Managers shall constitute a quorum. ARTICLE V. DUES. The annual dues of active members shall be five dollars, payable during the month of January, or, in the case of new members, within thirty days after election. The dues of members elected in November and December shall be credited to the succeeding year. Annual dues may be commuted and life membership acquired by the payment of fifty dollars. No member in arrears shall vote at the annual meeting, and the names of members two years in arrears shall be dropped from the roll of membership. ARTICLE VI. MEETINGS. Regular meetings of the Society shall be held on alternate Fridays, from November until May, and excepting the annual meeting, they shall be devoted to communications. The Board of Managers shall, however, have power to postpone or omit meetings, when deemed desirable. Special meetings may be called by the President.