ROMAN AUTHORS QUOTED.—C. Valgius,[948] Pompeius Lenæus,[949] Sextius Niger[950] who wrote in Greek, Julius Bassus[951] who wrote in Greek, Antonius Castor,[952] Cornelius Celsus,[953] Fabianus.[954] FOREIGN AUTHORS QUOTED.—Theophrastus,[955] Apollodorus,[956] Democritus,[957] Juba,[958] Orpheus,[959] Pythagoras,[960] Mago,[961] Menander[962] who wrote the “Biochresta,” Nicander,[963] Homer, Hesiod,[964] Musæus,[965] Sophocles,[966] Xanthus,[967] Anaxilaüs.[968] MEDICAL AUTHORS QUOTED.—Mnesitheus,[969] Callimachus,[970] Phanias[971] the physician, Timaristus,[972] Simus,[973] Hippocrates,[974] Chrysippus,[975] Diocles,[976] Ophelion,[977] Heraclides,[978] Hicesius,[979] Dionysius,[980] Apollodorus[981] of Citium, Apollodorus[982] of Tarentum, Praxagoras,[983] Plistonicus,[984] Medius,[985] Dieuches,[986] Cleophantus,[987] Philistion,[988] Asclepiades,[989] Crateuas,[990] Petronius Diodotus,[991] Iollas,[992] Erasistratus,[993] Diagoras,[994] Andreas,[995] Mnesides,[996] Epicharmus,[997] Damion,[998] Sosimenes,[999] Tlepolemus,[1000] Metrodorus,[1001] Solon,[1002] Lycus,[1003] Olympias[1004] of Thebes, Philinus,[1005] Petrichus,[1006] Micton,[1007] Glaucias,[1008] Xenocrates.[1009] BOOK XXVI. A CONTINUATION OF THE REMEDIES DERIVED FROM PLANTS, CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO PARTICULAR DISEASES. CHAP. 1. (1.)—NEW FORMS OF DISEASE. The face of man has recently been sensible of new forms of disease, unknown[1010] in ancient times, not only to Italy, but to almost the whole of Europe. Still, however, they have not as yet extended to the whole of Italy, nor have they made any very great inroads in Illyricum, Gaul, or Spain, or indeed any other parts, to so great an extent as in Rome and its environs. Though unattended with pain, and not dangerous to life, these diseases are of so loathsome a nature, that any form of death would be preferable to them. CHAP. 2.—THE NATURE OF LICHEN. The most insupportable of all these diseases is the one which, after its Greek appellation, is known to us as “lichen.”[1010] In consequence, however, of its generally making its first appearance at the chin, the Latins, by way of joke, originally—so prone are mankind to make a jest of the misfortunes of others—gave it the name of “mentagra;”[1011] an appellation which has since become established in general use. In many cases, however, this disease spreads over the interior of the mouth, and takes possession of the whole face, with the sole exception of the eyes; after which, it passes downwards to the neck, breast, and hands, covering them with foul furfuraceous eruptions. CHAP. 3.—AT WHAT PERIOD LICHEN FIRST MADE ITS APPEARANCE IN ITALY.