To this plant we may also annex an account of the cynoglossos,[685] the leaf of which resembles a dog’s tongue, and which produces so pleasing an effect[686] in ornamental gardening. The root, it is said, of the kind which bears three[687] stems surmounted with seed, is very useful, taken in water, for tertian, and of that with four stems, for quartan, fevers. There is another plant[688] very similar to it, which bears diminutive burrs resembling those of the lappa:[689] the root of it, taken in water, is curative of wounds inflicted by frogs[690] or serpents. CHAP. 42.—THE BUPHTHALMOS OR CACHLA: ONE REMEDY. There is the buphthalmos[691] also, so called from its resemblance to an ox’s eye, and with a leaf like that of fennel. It grows in the vicinity of towns, and is a branchy plant, with numerous stems, which are boiled and eaten. Some persons give it the name of “cachla.” In combination with wax, it disperses scirrhi.[692] CHAP. 43.—PLANTS WHICH HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED BY CERTAIN NATIONS. THE SCYTHICE: ONE REMEDY. Entire nations, too, have been the discoverers of certain plants. The Scythæ were the first to discover the plant known as “scythice,”[693] which grows in the vicinity of the Palus[694] Mæotis. Among its other properties, this plant is remarkably sweet, and extremely useful for the affection known as “asthma.” It is also possessed of another great recommendation—so long as a person keeps it in his month, he will never[695] experience hunger or thirst. CHAP. 44.—THE HIPPACE: THREE REMEDIES. The hippace,[696] another plant that grows in Scythia, is possessed of similar properties: it owes[697] its name to the circumstance that it produces the like effect upon horses. By the aid of these two plants, the Scythæ, they say, are enabled to endure hunger and thirst, so long as twelve days even. CHAP. 45.—THE ISCHÆMON: TWO REMEDIES. The Thracians were the first to discover the ischæmon,[698] which, it is said, has the property of stanching the flow of blood, not only when a vein has been opened, but when it has been cut asunder even. This is a creeping plant; it is like millet in appearance, and the leaves of it are rough and lanuginous. It is used as a plug[699] for the nostrils. The kind that grows in Italy, attached to the body as an amulet, has the property of arresting hæmorrhage. CHAP. 46.—THE CESTROS, PSYCHOTROPHON, VETTONICA, OR SERRATULA: FORTY-EIGHT REMEDIES.