The Natural History of Pliny, Volume 6 (of 6)Pliny, the Elder
History
The Natural History of Pliny, Volume 6 (of 6)
Pliny, the Elder
Natural history -- Pre-Linnean works
And yet, with reference to the very name of the ring, I find that there
has been considerable uncertainty. That given to it originally by the
Greeks is derived from the finger;[676] while our ancestors styled it
“ungulus;”[677] and in later times both Greeks and Latins have given
it the name of “symbolum.”[678] For a great length of time, it is
quite clear, not even the Roman senators wore rings of gold: for rings
were given, and at the public expense, to those only who were about to
proceed on an embassy to foreign nations, the reason being, I suppose,
because men of highest rank among foreign nations were perceived to
be thus distinguished. Nor was it the practice for any person to wear
these rings, except those who for this reason had received them at the
public expense; and in most instances, it was without this distinction
that the Roman generals celebrated their public triumphs.[679] For
whereas an Etruscan crown[680] of gold was supported from behind over
the head of the victor, he himself, equally with the slave probably,
who was so supporting the crown, had nothing but a ring of iron upon
his finger.[681] It was in this manner that C. Marius celebrated his
triumph over Jugurtha; and he never assumed[682] the golden ring, it
is said, until the period of his third consulship.[683] Those, too,
who had received golden rings on the occasion of an embassy, only wore
them when in public, resuming the ring of iron when in their houses. It
is in pursuance of this custom that even at the present day, an iron
ring[684] is sent by way of present to a woman when betrothed, and
that, too, without any stone in it.
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