The Natural History of the Tea-Tree, with Observations on the Medical Qualities of Tea, and on the Effects of Tea-DrinkingLettsom, John Coakley
History
The Natural History of the Tea-Tree, with Observations on the Medical Qualities of Tea, and on the Effects of Tea-Drinking
Lettsom, John Coakley
Tea
I. The first commences at the middle of the last moon, immediately
preceding the vernal equinox, which is the first month of the
Japanese year, and falls about the latter end of our February, or
beginning of March. The leaves collected at this time are called
Ficki Tsjaa, or powdered Tea, because they are pulverised and sipped
in hot water (SECT. IX. I). These tender young leaves are but a few
days old when they are plucked; and, because of their scarcity and
price, are disposed of to princes and rich people only; and hence
this kind is called Imperial Tea.
A similar sort is also called Udsi Tsjaa, and Tacke Sacki Tsjaa, from
the particular places where it grows. The peculiar care and nicety
observed in gathering the Tea leaves in these places deserve to be
noticed here, and we shall therefore give some account of one of them.
Udsi is a small Japanese town, bordering on the sea, and not far
distant from the city of Miaco. In the district of this little town,
is a pleasant mountain of the same name, which is thought to possess
the most favourable soil and climate for the culture of Tea, on which
account it is inclosed with hedges, and likewise surrounded with a
broad ditch for farther security. The trees are planted upon this
mountain in such a manner as to form regular rows, with intervening
walks. Persons are appointed to superintend the place, and preserve
the leaves from injury or dirt. The labourers who are to gather them,
for some weeks before they begin, abstain from every kind of gross
food, or whatever might endanger communicating any ill flavour to
the leaves; they pluck them also with the same delicacy, having on a
thin pair of gloves[26]. This sort of imperial or bloom Tea[27] is
afterwards prepared, and then escorted by the chief surveyor of the
works of this mountain, with a strong guard, and a numerous retinue,
to the emperor’s court, for the use of the Imperial family.
II. The second gathering is made in the second Japanese month,
about the latter end of March, or beginning of April. Some of the
leaves at this period are come to perfection, others not arrived at
their full growth; both however are promiscuously gathered, and are
afterwards sorted into different classes, according to their age,
size, and quality; the youngest particularly are carefully separated,
and are often sold for the first gathering or Imperial Tea. The tea
collected at this time is called Tootsjaa, or Chinese Tea, because
it is infused, and drank after the Chinese manner (SECT. IX. I.)
It is divided by the Tea-dealers and merchants into four kinds,
distinguished by as many names.
III. The third and last gathering is made in the third Japanese
month, which falls about our June, when the leaves are very plentiful
and full grown. This kind of Tea, called Ban Tsjaa, is the coarsest,
and is chiefly drank by the lower class of people (SECT. IX. III.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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