The Natural History of the Varieties of ManLatham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
Science
The Natural History of the Varieties of Man
Latham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
Ethnology
Polygamy, in Australia, is what we find and expect to find. The
practice of circumcision is what we find, perhaps, without expecting
it. The habit of the children taking the name of the mother, will
occur again in the south of India. The rule that a man cannot marry a
woman of his own family-name will also re-appear, and that amongst the
Indians of North America.
_The Kobong_[76]--"Each family among the Australians, adopts some
animal or plant, as a kind of badge or armorial emblem, or, as they
call it, its _kobong_. A certain mysterious connection exists between a
family and its kobong, so that a member of the family will not kill an
animal, or pluck any plant of the species to which his kobong belongs,
except under particular circumstances. This institution again, which
in some respect resembles the Polynesian _tabú_, though founded on a
different principle, has its counterpart in the customs of the native
Americans. Captain Gray observes, citing Mr. Gallatin, that among the
Hurons,[77] the first tribe is that of the bear; the two others, those
of the wolf and turtle. The Iroquois have the same divisions, and the
turtle family is divided into the great and little turtle. The Sioux
are named on a similar principle. According to Major Long, one part of
the superstition of these savages, consists in each man having some
totem, or favourite spirit, which he believes to watch over him. The
_totem_ assumes the shape of some beast, and therefore they never kill
or eat the animal whose form they suppose their totem to bear."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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