The Natural History of the Varieties of Man — John Shaqi
The Natural History of the Varieties of ManLatham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
Science
The Natural History of the Varieties of Man
Latham, R. G. (Robert Gordon)
Ethnology
The details now forthcoming apply to the districts lying north of a
line drawn from the southernmost point of Arakan to the Irawaddi; and
they comprise the eastern extensions of the Arakan tribes, the parts
about Manipur, and the complex, but important line of frontier between
the Indo-Chinese kingdoms, and the Indian portions of Bengal and Assam.
The first tribes that will be noticed are those which are most closely
related to the inhabitants of Arakan.
NAGAS.
_Locality._--South-east Assam, in the north-eastern portion
of the mountain range between Assam and the Burmese empire.
Conterminous with the Singpho on the north-east.
KUKI.
_Locality._--Mountains of Tipperah, Sylhet and Chittagong. A
south-western prolongation of the Nagas.
_Synonyms._--Lunctas, Koung-thias.(?)
KHUMIA (CHOOMEEAS).
_Locality._--The same mountains as the Kuki, only on a lower
level. The word means _villagers_, _Khúm_=_village_.
The Naga, Kuki, and Khumia, are tribes of one family. Their
ethnographical position is certain. They have long been known to be
part of Rhukheng division of the Burmese tribes, speaking the same
language with the inhabitants of Arakan, and connecting themselves with
that people in their traditions respecting their own origin.
I may also add that the similarity of manners between them and the Garo
is very manifest.
KHYEN.
_Locality._--The Yuma mountains between Ava and Arakan.
Independent Pagans.
_Name._--Burmese. Native name Koloun. Buchanan, in _Asiatic
Researches_, vol. v.
_Authority._--Lieutenant Trant in Asiatic Researches, vol. xvi.
The faces of the Khyen women are tattooed. That the following reason,
however, for the practice is valid, is more than I will venture to
vouch.
One of the forms of tribute to one of the conquerors of the Khyens, was
the payment of a certain number of the most beautiful women of the
country. In order to do away with the danger to which their unmutilated
charms exposed them, the whole generation tattooed themselves; and
their descendants have done so since.
MANIPUR.
_Synonyms._--Kathi or Kassay, Moitay.
_Locality._--Bounded on the east by the right branch of the
Irawaddi, on the north and west by the Naga and Kachari
countries, on the south by the Khyen.
An idea of the extent to which the language, for these parts varies
within a small geographical area, may be collected from Captain
Gordon's notices of the dialects spoken in the neighbourhood of Manipur.
Besides the Manipur proper, the following eleven dialects are
illustrated by his vocabularies,[17] and are said to be spoken within
the limits of a very inconsiderable circle, of which Manipur is the
centre.
1. The Songpú. The most western. Per-centage of Manipur words, 21.
_Brown._
2. The Kapwi. A very small tribe. _Ditto_, 41. _Brown._
3. The Koreng. _Ditto_, 18. _Brown._
4. The Maram. _Ditto_, 25. _Brown._
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