[Illustration: A GROUP OF SPOKAN INDIANS (Drawn from a Photograph).] THE NATURALIST IN VANCOUVER ISLAND AND BRITISH COLUMBIA. BY JOHN KEAST LORD, F.Z.S. NATURALIST TO THE BRITISH NORTH AMERICAN BOUNDARY COMMISSION. [Illustration: THE ‘KETTLE’ FALLS: A SALMON LEAP ON THE UPPER COLUMBIA.] IN TWO VOLUMES—VOL. I. LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, NEW BURLINGTON STREET, PUBLISHER IN ORDINARY TO HER MAJESTY. 1866. PREFACE. Many interesting and useful works have been already published relating to the Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia, which, however, contain little if any information on the subject of their Natural History. This missing link I venture in some measure to supply. But ‘The Naturalist in Vancouver Island and British Columbia’ is not intended to be a book on Natural History merely; neither does the Author desire to weary his reader with tedious descriptions of genera and species. Comparative anatomy and physiology can be acquired at home, but _habits_ are only discoverable by those who devote themselves to the rough though pleasant life of a wanderer, or by the actual observation of a careful investigator. In the following pages, the Author has purposely avoided any definite system of arrangement, preferring a pleasant gossip, chatting, as it were, by the fireside about North-Western Wilds. A detailed list of the Zoological collection made whilst Naturalist to the Government Commission will be found in the Appendix. JOHN KEAST LORD. LONDON: _May 28, 1866_. INTRODUCTION. Before setting sail from Southampton, it may perhaps be as well to devote a few pages explanatory of the early history and discovery of Vancouver Island; why we are going there; and the object of the Commission to which I belong.