Produced by Suzanne Shell, Janet Blenkinship and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net THE NEGRO AND THE NATION _A History of American Slavery and Enfranchisement_ BY GEORGE S. MERRIAM HASKELL HOUSE PUBLISHERS LTD. _Publishers of Scarce Scholarly Books_ NEW YORK. N. Y. 10012 1970 First Published 1906 HASKELL HOUSE PUBLISHERS LTD. _Publishers of Scarce Scholarly Books_ 280 LAFAYETTE STREET NEW YORK, N. Y. 10012 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 75-95441 Standard Book Number 8383-0994-1 Printed in the United States of America CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. HOW SLAVERY GREW IN AMERICA 1 II. THE ACTS OF THE FATHERS 8 III. CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 21 IV. THE WIDENING RIFT 28 V. CALHOUN AND GARRISON 46 VI. BIRNEY, CHANNING AND WEBSTER 58 VII. THE UNDERLYING FORCES 67 VIII. THE MEXICAN WAR 71 IX. HOW TO DEAL WITH THE TERRITORIES 79 X. THE COMPROMISE OF 1850 84 XI. A LULL AND A RETROSPECT 92 XII. SLAVERY AS IT WAS 97 XIII. THE STRUGGLE FOR KANSAS 112 XIV. "FREMONT AND FREEDOM" 122 XV. THREE TYPICAL SOUTHERNERS 132 XVI. SOME NORTHERN LEADERS 140 XVII. DRED SCOTT AND LECOMPTON 147 XVIII. JOHN BROWN 158 XIX. ABRAHAM LINCOLN 172 XX. THE ELECTION OF 1860 185 XXI. FACE TO FACE 197 XXII. HOW THEY DIFFERED 205 XXIII. WHY THEY FOUGHT 211 XXIV. ON NIAGARA'S BRINK--AND OVER 221 XXV. THE CIVIL WAR 237 XXVI. EMANCIPATION BEGUN 248 XXVII. EMANCIPATION ACHIEVED 258 XXVIII. RECONSTRUCTION: EXPERIMENTS AND IDEALS 267 XXIX. RECONSTRUCTION: THE FIRST PLAN 274 XXX. CONGRESS AND THE "BLACK CODES" 281