[E] Increase per cent for 14 cities from 1880 to 1900, exclusive of Chattanooga and Birmingham. TABLE III. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE-EARNERS[A] ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURES IN SIXTEEN SOUTHERN CITIES, 1880-1905.[B] ------------------------+---------------------------------------------- | Average Number of Wage-earners. +-------+-------+----------+----------+-------- | | | | Per cent | | 1880. | 1890. | 1900. |increase, |1905.[D] | | | |1880-1900.| ------------------------+-------+-------+----------+----------+-------- Wilmington. Del. | 7,852| 13,370| 16,055 | 104.5 | 13,554 Baltimore, Md. | 56,338| 76,489| 78,738 | 39.8 | 65,224 Washington, D.C. | 7,146| 20,406| 24,693 | 245.5 | 17,281 Norfolk, Va. | 752| 2,391| 4,334 | 476.3 | 3,063 Richmond, Va. | 14,047| 16,891| 16,692 | 18.8 | 12,883 Charleston, S.C. | 2,146| 4,684| 5,027 | 134.2 | 3,450 Atlanta, Ga. | 3,680| 7,957| 9,356 | 154.2 | 11,891 Augusta, Ga. | 4,518| 5,714| 7,092 | 57.0 | 4,839 Savannah, Ga. | 1,130| 2,419| 2,870 | 154.1 | 3,330 Louisville, Ky. | 17,103| 24,159| 29,926 | 7.5 | 24,985 Chattanooga, Tenn.[C] | | 5,200| 5,472 | 5.2 | 6,984 Memphis, Tenn. | 2,268| 5,497| 8,433 | 271.8 | 8,153 Nashville, Tenn. | 4,791| 7,275| 8,447 | 76.3 | 8,435 Birmingham, Ala.[C] | | 3,247| 6,675 | 105.6 | 3,987 Mobile, Ala. | 704| 2,719| 2,827 | 301.5 | 2,496 New Orleans, La. | 9,504| 22,342| 19,435[E]| 104.5 | 17,631 ------------------------+-------+-------+----------+----------+--------- | | | | | Total |131,979|212,313|233,925 | 60.9[F] |208,186 ------------------------+-------+-------+----------+----------+--------- [A] Does not include proprietors, salaried officers, clerks, _etc._ [B] 1880, Tenth Census, _Manufactures_, pp. xxiv, xxv; 1890 and 1900, 11th Census, _Manufactures, Part ii_, pp. 7, 108, 115, 134, 279, 300, 335, 831, 848, 908; 1905, 12th Census, vol. viii, _Manufactures, Part ii_, pp. 20, 142, 152, 179, 339, 361, 403, 1025, 1056, 1127. [C] No return for 1880. [D] Figures for 1905 are less and are not comparable with preceding figures, because in 1905 all neighborhood work and establishments for custom work and repairing were excluded. [E] Does not include cotton compressing in 1900. [F] Fourteen cities; Chattanooga and Birmingham are omitted. The industrial pull of Southern cities, then, is shown both by the increase in the average number of wage-earners and in the total value of manufactured products.