African American farmers -- Southern States; Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- Southern States
He also agrees not to abandon, neglect, turn back or leave his
crops or any part of them, nor to allow his family or hands to do
so, until entirely gathered and delivered.
In order that Smith and Brown may be advised of the number of
tenants which they may have to secure for the ensuing year, in
ample time to enable them to provide for the same, the said tenant
hereby agrees to notify them positively by December 10, 1902,
whether or not he desires to remain on James' Plantation for the
ensuing year. Should he not desire to remain, then he agrees to
deliver to Smith and Brown possession of the house now allotted to
him by January 1st, 1903. In order that said tenant may have ample
time in which to provide for himself a place for the ensuing year,
Smith and Brown hereby agree to notify him by December 10, 1902,
should they not want him as a tenant during the ensuing year.
Witness our signatures, this the 15th day of December, 1901.
SMITH AND BROWN.
JOHN DOE.
Witness: J. W. JAMES.
The owners have been unable to carry out their efforts in full, but the
result has been very creditable. The lease is much preferable to the one
given on page 46.
If, as I believe, the families above reported are average and are living
under ordinary conditions, it seems evident that a considerable surplus
results from their labors each year. I wish I could add that the money
were being either wisely spent or saved and invested. This does not seem
to be the case and it is generally stated that the amount of money
wasted in the fall of the year by the blacks of the Delta is enormous.
In the cabins the great catalogs of the mail order houses of Montgomery
Ward & Co., and Sears, Roebuck & Co., of Chicago are often found, and
the express agents say that large shipments of goods are made to the
Negroes. Patent medicines form no inconsiderable proportion of these
purchases, while "Stutson" hats, as the Negro says, are required by the
young bloods. The general improvidence of the people is well illustrated
by the following story related by a friend of the writer. At the close
of one season an old Negro woman came to his wife for advice as to the
use to be made of her savings, some $125. She was advised to buy some
household necessities and to put the remainder in a bank, above all she
was cautioned to beware of any who sought to get her to squander the
money. The woman left but in about two weeks' time returned to borrow
some money. It developed that as she went down the street a Jewess
invited her to come in and have a cup of coffee. The invitation was
accepted and during the conversation she was advised to spend the money.
This she did, and when the transactions were over the woman had one
barrel of flour, one hundred pounds of meat, ten dollars or so worth of
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