The Quakers led decidedly in the movement of abolition. As early as 1770
in their annual meeting attention was called to the treatment of the
slave and to “the iniquitous practice of importing negroes.”[128] In 1772
it was decided in their annual meeting that no Friend should buy a slave
of any other person than a Friend in unity. This regulation might be
violated if it was to unite husband and wife or mother and children, or
for other reasons if approved by monthly meeting.[129] Advance was made
again in 1774 and in 1775 when the yearly meeting decided “That Friends
in unity shall neither buy nor sell a negro without the consent of the
monthly meeting to which they belong.”[130] In 1776 the Friends reached
complete abolition.[131] The yearly meeting advised with unanimity that
the members of the Friends’ Society “clear their hands” of the slaves
as rapidly as possible. By the close of the Revolution the Friends were
practically rid of slaves. In the year 1787 there was not a slave in the
possession of an acknowledged Quaker.[132] They never recanted on this
proposition.
The attitude of the Southern Quakers was at first amelioration of the
condition of the slave. They were interested in the physical condition
of the negro, possibly as much for economic reasons as for altruistic
motives.[133] In North Carolina, where the immediate background of
Tennessee Quakerism is found, the question of slavery was slow in rising,
but soon thereafter became a very stubborn question.[134] The yearly
meetings of 1758 and 1770 took decidedly hostile attitude toward the
buying and selling of slaves, and demanded that those that were inherited
be treated well.[135]
The Quakers in North Carolina worked personally among the Friends for
abolition and as an organization they petitioned the Legislature of the
State to modify its laws in the direction of justice and mercy. They
protested bitterly against free negroes, who had been given their freedom
by conscientious masters, being taken to other states and sold into
slavery.[136]
The harshness of North Carolina law created a modified Quakerism not to
be found elsewhere. The yearly meeting created agents to take charge
of slaves that masters wanted to manumit, and look after them. By this
method they proposed to give virtual freedom to the slaves when legal
freedom was not recognized by the state.[137] This practice continued to
the Civil War.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account