[49] It should be observed that this provision has been decreed by a law; consequently there can be no question in regard to it whether it is a provision having the force of law or only a moral maxim. It is a legislative provision. The fact that it was later inserted into the Constitution has only the effect of preventing its abrogation or its modification other than by constitutional amendment. [50] This principle of civil law has also become now a provision of constitutional law (Article 152). [51] It must be also noted that up to now the States have not as yet complied with this order of the Constitution. In Prussia in particular it does not seem that measures have yet been enacted against the “fideicommis.” [52] _Reichsgesetzblatt_, 1920, p. 876. [53] The question of the length of the working day has not been touched by the Constitution. Up to now it has been regulated exclusively by special decrees based on the eight-hour day. The decrees of November 23, 1918, and of December 17, 1918, introduced the eight-hour day for workers in industries with the exception of industries which must not be interrupted. The decree of November 23, 1918, prescribed the length of the working day in bakeries; that of March 18, 1919, did the same for salaried employés. A general law that provides for an eight-hour day and regulating its application is in preparation. [54] _Reichsgesetzblatt_, 1920, p. 98. [55] As yet there has not been organized insurance against non-employment. [56] The political parties interested themselves in these elections, the platform being “for or against religious instruction.” The number of socialists elected was less than that of bourgeois parties. [57] See Chapter III. [58] Max Schippel, _Schicksalstunden der Arbeitsgemeinschaft, Sozialistische Monatshefte_, 1920, p. 328. [59] It has been changed by a law of May 31, 1920. (_Reichsgesetzblatt_, 1920, p. 1128.) [60] _Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung_, April 29, evening. [61] In the discussion that arose on this subject an expression used in it has achieved popularity and is in current use. The strikers demanded and obtained the “anchorage” of the Councils in the Constitution. [62] See p. 307. [63] It will be recalled that in order to obtain increase in authority for the Factory Workers Councils, the Independents organized a great manifestation in Berlin in January, 1920, in the course of which about forty of the participants in the manifestation were killed on the steps of the Reichstag. [64] These enterprises are: Stock companies, limited joint-stock companies, mutual insurance companies, and eventually limited liability companies. [65] See Paul Umbreit, _das Betriebsrätegesetz_, Berlin, 1920, pp. 20-21. [66] It met for the first time on June 30, 1920.