Germany -- History -- Revolution, 1918; Germany -- Politics and government -- 1918-1933
The short life of the Munich Commune seemed to show this. The
Government consisted of Commissioners--a sort of inner Cabinet, an
Executive Council--a sort of Ministry, and an Assembly of
Councils--the Legislature. The first was Bolshevist, in general
standpoint, the second Independent Socialist and Moderate Communist,
the third predominantly Moderate Socialist. The Commissioners,
especially the Russians, did not enjoy the confidence of the Assembly,
still less of the garrison. I believe that they would soon have been
replaced by a Socialist _régime_, but for the military action of
Prussia and Würtemberg.
Nor were the measures taken by this _régime_ what could be called
Bolshevist. The absurd newspaper yarns, reproducing all the old
calumnies against Russian Council Government, including the
communisation of women, gave quite a false impression. I have a
complete list of the Communist measures, and they contain nothing very
sensational and mostly existed anyway only on paper. I will give two
examples which I heard discussed before the Assembly. The _cafés
chantants_, a great feature of Munich, had all been closed on moral
grounds, not without justification, as those who know Munich will
admit. The delegates of the employés appealed against this as throwing
three thousand people out of work. The debate showed that this measure
was largely a protest of the workmen against the irregular lives of
the Communist leaders themselves, and the cafés were allowed to
re-open under the control of a committee of the Assembly. Further, the
middle-class papers had been suspended by the Commissioners. So
representatives of the Communist and Independent papers rose to say
they would suspend publication until this prohibition was removed.
This threat was carried out and at the time I left the prohibition was
about to be repealed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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