Schurz, Carl, leader of the Liberal Republicans, 56; introduces merit system, 86; reorganizes the Indian service, 86, 87; supports civil service reform, 112, 113; an anti-imperialist, 278. Seal fisheries, 212. Sewall, Arthur, 237. Seymour, Horatio, 4; nominated for Presidency, 31; loyalty above question, 79. Shafter, Gen. William R., 269, 270. Sherman, James S., nominated for Vice-Presidency, 325, 336. Sherman, John, Senator from Ohio, 66; Secretary of the Treasury, 89; proposed for the Presidency, 98, 99, 128; Secretary of State, 253. Sherman, Gen. William T., 5. Sherman Anti-Trust Law, the, enacted, 172, 173, 293; enforced under Roosevelt, 320, 321. Sherman Silver Purchase Bill, 174, 218, 219, 220. Silver, fall in value of, 88, 228; free coinage demanded, 181, 182; mines, output of, 181; coinage of, 217; demonetization of, called a crime, 225. Sinclair, Upton, 311. Slater, John F., creates fund for education of negro, 201. Social Democratic party, 301. Socialist Labor party, 301, 338. South, the, before the war, 11, 12; price of its attempt at independence, 39; stubbornness of, 40; decrease in size of farms, 40, 41; government of, by army, 42; divided into five military districts, 43; new constitutions of its States, 46; readmission to Union, 47, 49; repudiation of debts, 51; normal politics Democratic, 52, 54, 79. _See also_ New South. South Dakota, admitted to Union, 152; first State to adopt initiative and referendum, 250. Southern Pacific Railroad, 145, 148; passes into control of Union Pacific, 294, 295; merger dissolved, 330. Spain, sends Gen. Weyler to Cuba, 260; embittered against United States by filibustering parties, 261; changes of Ministry in, 262; declines mediation, but recalls Gen. Weyler, 263; establishes a sort of autonomy for Cuba, 263; war with United States begun, 264; loses fleet at Manila, 267; and another at Santiago, 272; army at Santiago surrenders, 272; loses Cuba, Porto Rico, the Philippine Islands, and Guam, 273. Squatters, 21, 155. Stalwarts, the, support Conkling against Garfield, 103; claimed as friends by Guiteau, 105; relations with Arthur, 109, 126. Standard Oil Company, the, 166, 167; suit against, brought by Ohio, 168; history of, 310; charges of extorting rebates, 311, 312; dissolved, 330, 331. Standard time, adopted by American railroads, 148. Stanford, Leland, 25. Stanton, Edwin M., 3, 35. Star route frauds, 103, 104, 105, 113. Steel industry, the, 16, 297, 298. Steffens, Lincoln, 310. Stevens, Thaddeus, 30, 34. Stevenson, Adlai E., Vice-President with Cleveland, 215; nominated with Bryan, 279. Strathcona, Lord, interested in Canadian railways, 148. Strikes, 121; Pullman, 222; at Cripple Creek, 222, 301; at Homestead, 299; in Pennsylvania coal fields, 299, 300. Sumner, Charles, 34, 55.