The new state : $b Group organization the solution of popular governmentFollett, Mary Parker
Science
The new state : $b Group organization the solution of popular government
Follett, Mary Parker
Democracy; Political participation; Social psychology; State, The
Likewise if every member of a group has the same thought, that is not a
group idea: when all respond simultaneously to the same stimulus, it
cannot be assumed that this is in obedience to a collective will. When
all the men in a street run round the corner to see a procession, it is
not because they are moved by a collective thought.
Imitation indeed has a place in the collective life, it is one of the
various means of coadaptation between men, but it is only a part and a
part which has been fatally overemphasized.[11] It is one of the fruits
of particularism. “Imitation” has been made the bridge to span the gap
between the individual and society, but we see now that there is no gap,
therefore no bridge is necessary.
The core of the social process is not likeness, but the harmonizing of
difference through interpenetration.[12] But to be more accurate,
similarity and difference can not be opposed in this external way—they
have a vital connection. Similarities and differences make up the
differentiated reactions of the group; that is what constitutes their
importance, not their likeness or unlikeness as such. I react to a
stimulus: that reaction may represent a likeness or an unlikeness.
Society is the unity of these differentiated reactions. In other words
the process is not that merely of accepting or rejecting, it is bound up
in the interknitting. In that continuous coördinating which constitutes
the social process both similarity and difference have a place. Unity is
brought about by the reciprocal adaptings of the reactions of
individuals, and this reciprocal adapting is based on both agreement and
difference.
To push our analysis a little further, we must distinguish between the
given similarity and the achieved similarity. The common at any moment
is always the given: it has come from heredity, biological influences,
suggestion and imitation, and the previous workings of the law of
interpenetration. All the accumulated effect of these is seen in our
habits of thinking, our modes of living. But we cannot rest in the
common. The surge of life sweeps through the given similarity, the
common ground, and breaks it up into a thousand differences. This
tumultuous, irresistible flow of life is our existence: the unity, the
common, is but for an instant, it flows on to new differings which
adjust themselves anew in fuller, more varied, richer synthesis. The
moment when similarity achieves itself as a composite of working,
seething forces, it throws out its myriad new differings. The torrent
flows into a pool, works, ferments, and then rushes forth until all is
again gathered into the new pool of its own unifying.
This is the process of evolution. Social progress is to be sure
coadapting, but coadapting means always that the fresh unity becomes the
pole of a fresh difference leading to again new unities which lead to
broader and broader fields of activity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account