The new state : $b Group organization the solution of popular governmentFollett, Mary Parker
Science
The new state : $b Group organization the solution of popular government
Follett, Mary Parker
Democracy; Political participation; Social psychology; State, The
Modern business, therefore, needs above all men who can unite, not
merely men who can unite without friction, but who can turn their union
to account. The successful business man of to-day is the man of trained
coöperative intelligence. The world as well as the psychologist places a
higher value on the man who can take part in collective thinking and
concerted action, and has higher positions to offer him in the business
and political field. The secretary of a Commission investigates a
subject, is clever in mastering details, in drawing conclusions and in
presenting them, perhaps far cleverer in these respects than any member
of the Commission. But the chairman of the Commission must have another
and higher power—the power of uniting these conclusions with the
conclusions of others, the power of using this material to evolve with
others plans for action. This means a more developed individual and
brings a higher price in the open market.
Another illustration of the group principle in the business world is
that a corporation is obliged by law to act in joint meeting, that is,
it cannot get the vote of its members by letter and then act according
to the majority.
But more important than any of the illustrations yet given is the
application of the group principle to the relations of capital and
labor. People are at last beginning to see that industrial organization
must be based on the community idea. If we do not want to be dominated
by the special interests of the capital-power, it is equally evident
that we do not want to be dominated by the special interests of the
labor-power. The interests of capital and labor must be united.[41]
Even collective bargaining is only a milestone on the way to the full
application of the group principle. It recognizes the union, it
recognizes that some adjustment between the interests of capital and
labor is possible, but it is still “bargaining,” still an adjustment
between two warring bodies, it still rests on the two pillars of
concession and compromise. We see now the false psychology underlying
compromise and concession. Their practical futility has long been
evident: whenever any difference is “settled” by concession, that
difference pops up again in some other form. Nothing will ever truly
settle differences but synthesis. No wonder the syndicalists label the
“compromises” made between “antagonistic interests” as insincere. In a
way all compromise is insincere, and real harmony can be obtained only
by an integration of “antagonistic” interests which can take place only
when we understand the method. The error of the syndicalists is in
thinking that compromise is the only method; their fundamental error is
in thinking that different interests are necessarily “antagonistic”
interests.
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