"Crouching Burial" (Hockerbestattung), Adlerborg, near Worms 116 Menhir, Carnac, Brittany 116 Dolmen, Haga, Island of Borust 116 Alignment, Carnac, Brittany 124 Modern Albanian Peasants in Neolithic Garments 132 Axes from Lake-Dwellings Showing Attachment to Handles 136 Boats from Rock Carvings in Bohuslan, Sweden. (Early Bronze Age) 146 Pottery from Neolithic Graves 154 Pottery 158 Successive Stages and Forms of Baltic Sea 162 Forms of Prehistoric Axe 174 Female Idols, Thrace 218 Female Idol, Anau 218 Ancient Fishermen 232 Early Agriculture 236 MAP Migrations of Peoples 184 THE NEW STONE AGE IN NORTHERN EUROPE The first of the two numbers and the letter in the footnotes designate the position in the Bibliography at the end of the volume of the title referred to; the second refers to the page of the book or article. THE NEW STONE AGE IN NORTHERN EUROPE CHAPTER I THE COMING OF MAN Man has been described as a "walking museum of paleontology." He is like a mountain whose foundations were laid in a time so ancient that even the paleontologist hardly finds a record to decipher; whose strata testify to the progress of life through all the succeeding ages; whose surface, deeply ploughed by the glaciers, is clothed with grass and forest, flower and fruit, the harvest of the life of to-day. Some of his organs are exceedingly old, while others are but of yesterday; yet all are highly developed in due proportion, knit and harmonized in a marvellously tough, vigorous, adaptable body, the instrument of a thinking and willing mind. Most surviving animals have outlived their day of progress; they have "exhausted their lead," to borrow a miner's expression, and have settled down in equilibrium with their surroundings. But discontented man is wisely convinced that his golden age lies in the future, and that his best possessions are his hopes and dreams, his castles in Spain. He is chiefly a bundle of vast possibilities, of great expectations, compared with which his achievements and realizations are scarcely larger than the central point of a circle compared with its area.