Produced by Brownfox, Michael Ciesielski and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive) THE NEW WORLD OF ISLAM BY LATHROP STODDARD, A.M., PH.D. (Harv.) AUTHOR OF: THE RISING TIDE OF COLOUR, THE STAKES OF THE WAR, PRESENT DAY EUROPE: ITS NATIONAL STATES OF MIND, THE TRENCH REVOLUTION IN SAN DOMINGO, ETC. WITH MAP _SECOND IMPRESSION_ LONDON CHAPMAN AND HALL, LTD. 1922 PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY RICHARD CLAY & SONS LIMITED. BUNGAY, SUFFOLK PREFACE The entire world of Islam is to-day in profound ferment. From Morocco to China and from Turkestan to the Congo, the 250,000,000 followers of the Prophet Mohammed are stirring to new ideas, new impulses, new aspirations. A gigantic transformation is taking place whose results must affect all mankind. This transformation was greatly stimulated by the late war. But it began long before. More than a hundred years ago the seeds were sown, and ever since then it has been evolving; at first slowly and obscurely; later more rapidly and perceptibly; until to-day, under the stimulus of Armageddon, it has burst into sudden and startling bloom. The story of that strange and dramatic evolution I have endeavoured to tell in the following pages. Considering in turn its various aspects--religious, cultural, political, economic, social--I have tried to portray their genesis and development, to analyse their character, and to appraise their potency. While making due allowance for local differentiations, the intimate correlation and underlying unity of the various movements have ever been kept in view. Although the book deals primarily with the Moslem world, it necessarily includes the non-Moslem Hindu elements of India. The field covered is thus virtually the entire Near and Middle East. The Far East has not been directly considered, but parallel developments there have been noted and should always be kept in mind. LOTHROP STODDARD. CONTENTS CHAP PAGE INTRODUCTION: THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE OLD ISLAMIC WORLD 1 I. THE MOHAMMEDAN REVIVAL 20 II. PAN-ISLAMISM 37 III. THE INFLUENCE OF THE WEST 75 IV. POLITICAL CHANGE 110 V. NATIONALISM 132 VI. NATIONALISM IN INDIA 201