EDFU. Modern name of the Apollinopolis of the Greeks and Romans, or the Egyptian [glyphs], DEB·T, "_the city of transfixion_" or [glyphs], HUD·T, "_the city of the winged sun-disk_". It was the capital of the IId nome of Upper Egypt, its local deity being Horus, who was identified by the Greeks with Apollo, the sun-god; whence the city's name. ^{31 87} EGYPT. The oldest empire of the world, comprising the north-east corner of Africa and extending from the First Cataract to the Mediterranean Sea. Its modern name is [Arabic: MSR] [Misr], and some of its Egyptian names are [glyphs], QEM·T, [glyphs] or [glyphs], BEQ·T, [glyphs] or [glyphs], MER·T, &c. It was the seat of the first civilization and in its golden age--in the time of the XIXth dynasty--the mistress of the world. At present it has lost all its prestige and is being ruined by Mohammedan misrule. For its divisions, &c., see pages 84 to 92. EGYPTIAN RITUAL. See under: Book of the Dead. ^{34} {119}EILEITHYIAPOLIS. The Greek name of the Egyptian city [glyphs] NEKHEB·T, "_the city of_ the goddess _Nekheb_", a deity whom the Greeks identified with their Eileithyia (the goddess of childbirth) and the Romans with their Lucina. It was the capital of the IIId nome of Upper Egypt. ^{87} ELECTRUM. The name given by the ancients to an alloy of gold (4 parts) and silver (1 part). Some consider the so-called Egyptian gold-metal [glyphs], USEM, to be identical with it. ^{59} ELEPHANTINE. [Pronounced Elefanteenay.] The Greek name of the town and island in the first nome of Upper Egypt, opposite Assuân. The Egyptian name (which the Greeks only translated) is [glyphs] or [glyphs], ÂB or ÂB.T [ÂBU·T], "_the ivory island or city_". The cataracts of Elephantine, called [glyphs], QERTI, were regarded by the ancient Egyptians as the source of the Nile. ^{4 24 29 86} EL-KAB. The modern name of Nekhebt or Eileithyiapolis, which see. ^{87} EL-KHARGEH. The present name of the oasis to the west of Thebes, called in the inscriptions [glyphs], KENEMTI, "_the wine-land_". It formed at one time a part of the VIIth nome of Upper Egypt. In it stood a large temple of Amen-Râ. ^{89} EL-LAHOON. A village close to the Fayoom, the site of the pyramid of Amenemhât III. (according to Lepsius) or Usertesen II. (according to Brugsch). The modern name is derived from the Egyptian [glyphs], RUHUN·T, "_the mouth of the canal_." ^{90} EL-THABÛT-BEN-MARRAT. A mythical person. ^{80} EL-TINEH. The modern name of the ancient Thinis, the {120}Egyptian [glyphs], THENI·T, the first capital of the VIIIth nome of Upper Egypt, which was at one time a very important city and the home of the first two Egyptian dynasties. ^{89} ELYSIUM. The Greek [Greek: Êlusion] [êlûsion]. The abode of the blessed or the "Elysian Fields", called in Egyptian AANURU or AAHLU (see page 97).