ERMENT. The present name of the ancient Hermonthis or the Egyptian [glyphs] AN-MENTH, "_the city of the pillar of_ the god _Menthu_", the capital of an independent district to the west of the IVth nome of Upper Egypt. ^{87} ESMEADE OBELISK. An obelisk formerly in the Esmeade garden near the Porta del Popolo in Rome and only a Roman imitation. ^{11} ESNEH. The present name of the capital of the IIId nome of Upper Egypt, called in Egyptian [glyphs] ANηT or [glyphs] SENI·T. Its sacred animal according to Strabo, a Greek geographer, was the fish Latus (cf. page 98), and its chief deities were Khnum and Neith. The ancients named the city Latopolis. ^{87} "ETERNAL CITY." A classical expression for the city of Rome, which was said to have been founded by the gods and to be under their constant protection. ^{5} ETHIOPIA. See under Nubia. FAYOOM. The modern name of the tract of land which lay formerly in the XXth and XXIst nomes of Upper Egypt, south-west of the Pyramids. Its local deity was the crocodile-faced god Sebek, whence its name among the ancients, Crocodilopolis. In it is the famous Lake Moeris, as well as the Labyrinth and the pyramids of El-Lahoon and Meydoom. In Arabic the name is written [Arabic: ALFYWM] [el-fayûm]. ^{4 5 89} {121}FLAMINIAN OBELISK. Also called the obelisk of the Piazza del Popolo, in Rome. It was erected in Heliopolis by Seti I., and re-erected by the emperor Augustus in the Circus Maximus in Rome. After it had fallen Pope Sixtus V. removed the pieces of the obelisk and set them up in the present position [in 1589]. The inscriptions are by Seti I. and Ramses II.; the latter having appropriated the greater portion. From this obelisk the priest Hermapion (4th century A. D.) made the first attempt to decipher the Egyptian hieroglyphs. The result of his investigations appears extremely ridiculous to us at the present day. ^{9} FLORENCE OBELISKS. Two small obelisks with two columns of hieroglyphs on each face. They are at present in the Egyptian Museum at Florence. ^{10} GIZEH. The site of the monster-pyramids and the Sphinx. It is situated in the former Ist nome of Lower Egypt, and was the necropolis of ancient Memphis. ^{4 91} GREECE. The first mention of the Greeks in history is in the inscriptions of the temple of Karnak, in which an incursion by them into Egypt at the time of Menephthah I. [XIXth dynasty] is described. The tribes mentioned there are the Akaüsha (Achæans), the Tursha (Etruscans), the Luku (Lycians), the Sharutana (Sardinians), and the Shakalusha (Sicilians). On the Rosetta Stone the Greeks are called [glyphs] HAUINEBU. HADES. The Lower World, the abode of the departed spirits. The Egyptian Amenti, which see. ^{28 30} HADRIAN. The fourteenth Roman emperor [117-138 A. D.]. On the Barberini Obelisk occur the names of his wife [glyphs] SÂBINA·T, Sabina, and of his {122}favorite page [glyphs] ÂNDÎNES, Antinoüs. The emperor's name in Egyptian is ^{5 7 9 22}