OSIRIS. One of the oldest of the Egyptian gods and the judge of the dead in the Lower World. His worship was universal throughout Egypt at all times. His Egyptian name is [glyphs] USAR. The great Osiris-myth is this. Osiris was, at one time, a king, and reigned over Egypt. Going on travels he left Isis, his sister and wife, to conduct the government. The devil, Set, then revolted against him, killed him, cut his body into fourteen pieces, and scattered them over the country. Isis collected them, erecting a temple where a piece of his body was found, and called on her son Horus to avenge his father. Horus met Set in combat at Edfu. In this encounter Set was "transfixed". The inscriptions in the temple of Edfu give a glowing description of this battle. Osiris is generally represented with his whole body shrouded in a covering and his head surmounted by the atef-crown; thus, [glyphs]. He has a peculiar beard curving outward at the end. He was considered to be the author of all animal and vegetable life, and the god of agriculture. All those that died were called by his name, "the Osirian", that is, "amenable to Osiris in his judgment-hall". ^{61 87 88 92} PALESTINE. Many Pharaohs, especially Thothmes III., subjugated this country in their Asiatic conquests. The names of most of its cities and provinces occur on the Egyptian monuments. One of its Egyptian names is [glyphs] KANÂNA, "_Canaan_". ^{36} {139}PAMPHILIAN OBELISK, or the Obelisk of the PIAZZA NAVONA in Rome. This is a pseudo-Egyptian obelisk, cut by the Romans in the quarry of Syene. It was erected by the emperor Domitian, and re-erected by Innocent X. (Pamphili) in 1651 in its present position. There is a single column of poorly executed hieroglyphs on each face of it. ^{9} PANOPOLIS. The Greek name of the capital of the IXth nome of Upper Egypt, called in Egyptian [glyphs] PER-KHEM·T, "_the city of the temple of (the god) Khem_". It was the seat of the worship of Khem, whom the Greeks identified with their Pan. ^{89} PANTHEON OBELISK. The same as the Mahutean Obelisk, which see. PAPYRUS. The Egyptian paper, made of thin slices of the papyrus plant, called in Egyptian [glyphs] THUFI. On it were written works on almost all subjects. The finest papyri are at present in the British Museum and the Museum of Bulak. ^{34} PASHT. The Greek name of the Egyptian goddess Sekhet, which see. ^{92} PELUSIUM. The classical name of a city near the site of the ancient Egyptian Avaris, which see. ^{92} PENTAÛR. The Egyptian Homer, who described the exploits of Ramses II. in his war with the Hittites. His name is written [glyphs] PEN-TA-ÛR. ^{37} PER-BA-NEB-DED·T. The Egyptian name of Mendes, which see. ^{92} PER-BAS·T. The Egyptian name of Bubastis, which see. ^{92} PER-KHEM·T. The Egyptian name of Panopolis, which see. ^{89} PER-USAR·T. The Egyptian name of Busiris, which see. ^{92}