{140}PHARAOH. The Hebrew form of the Egyptian [glyphs] PER-Â, "_the great house_", or more correctly, as the Hieratic generally has it, [glyphs] PER-Â, "_he of the great double house_". This was the official title of the Egyptian kings. ^{1 2 5 6 7 16 19 20 22 25 29 37 38 46 48 53 57 58 60 61 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 79 84 87 89} "PHARAOH OF THE OPPRESSION." All Egyptologists are agreed that this was Ramses II. ^{37 63} "PHARAOH'S NEEDLE." The Arabic rendering for "obelisk". ^{79} PHILAE. An island in the Nile near the Nubian boundary, belonging to the first nome of Upper Egypt. ^{4 7 9 10 22 84 86} PHILAE OBELISK. A fragment of an obelisk which was erected, together with its companion, the Corfe Castle Obelisk (which see), in front of the temple of Isis by Ptolemy IX. Euergetes II. and his sister Cleopatra II. It has one column of hieroglyphs on each face, and is at Philæ. ^{9} PIÂNKHÎ. An Ethiopian king, of the XXIVth dynasty, who conquered Egypt at the close of the XXIId dynasty, when it was divided into thirteen petty kingdoms. His name in Egyptian is ^{21} suten-kaut? Men-kheper-Râ sa Râ P-ânkhî The king of Upper "The stable and the Sun's "He who and Lower Egypt, creative Sun", offspring, lives." PIAZZA DELLA MINERVA OBELISK. A small obelisk in Rome. It has only a single column of hieroglyphs on each face, and was probably erected by Psametik II. in Saïs. It was removed by the Romans and re-erected by Pope Alexander VII. in 1667, who had it placed on a marble elephant. ^{10} {141}PIAZZA DEL POPOLO OBELISK. Another name of the Flaminian Obelisk, which see. PIAZZA NAVONA OBELISK. Another name for the Pamphilian Obelisk, which see. ^{22} PLINY, surnamed "the Elder". A famous Roman naturalist and author (23-79 A. D.). ^{36} "POMPEY'S PILLAR." The only important monument of antiquity at present in Alexandria. It is a shaft of granite from the quarry of Syene rising, with the pedestal, to the height of 104 ft., and erected by the Roman prefect Pompeius in honor of the emperor Diocletian. ^{91} PONTIUS. The architect who transported the two obelisks of Heliopolis to Alexandria in 12 B. C. He may have possibly also removed the Flaminian and Campensis Obelisks (which see) to Rome for the emperor Augustus in 20 B. C. ^{39 73 74 82} PORTA DEL POPOLO OBELISK. Another name of the Esmeade Obelisk, which see. ^{11} PRIOLI OBELISK. A small obelisk in the gardens of the Sultan in Constantinople. Nothing is known of it, as its inscriptions have never been published. ^{9} PSAMETIK II. A king of the XXVIth dynasty, the son of Psametik I. He conquered Ethiopia and reigned for six years. His son Hophra is mentioned in the Bible. His name in Egyptian is ^{7 9 10 22} suten-kaut? Nefer-ab-Râ sa Râ Psemthek The king of Upper "the kind-hearted the Sun's "Psametik." and Lower Egypt, Sun", offspring,