The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussedGathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
History
The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussed
Gathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
America -- Discovery and exploration -- Norse
In the same way, the alleged development of Bjarni Herjulfson from
Bjarni Grimolfson, which is also asserted by Joseph Fischer,[69]
rests upon no more solid foundation than the coincidence of a name
by no means uncommon in Icelandic literature. Storm, more correctly,
recognizes the Bjarni of the Flatey Book as ‘en ellers ganske ubekjendt
person’ (a person otherwise quite unknown), and Neckel’s _Erste
Entdeckung Amerikas_ makes use of an identical expression. Would
anyone, desiring to make up a good story about Bjarni Grimolfson,
neglect the dramatic episode of his death in the worm-eaten ship, as
given in the saga of Eric? Why, as Neckel says, not let him land and
find the vines and corn, if the object was to give him a credit not
his due? Apart from their first names, Bjarni Grimolfson and Bjarni
Herjulfson have nothing whatever in common. When Fischer says, ‘Only
in this way (i.e. by inventing the Flatey Book story) could the
priest (John Thordson, one of the scribes of the Flatey Book) ascribe
the honour of the discovery of Wineland to his hero Bjarni, who was
really only one of the band who accompanied Karlsefni on his later
expedition’, one is disposed to ask, Who treats Bjarni as a hero? He
gets no credit for the discovery which accident threw in his way; Leif
is here, as elsewhere, treated as the discoverer of Wineland: nay, we
are told that Bjarni was severely criticized for lack of enterprise in
not pursuing his investigations further. Moreover, if Bjarni Grimolfson
was John Thordson’s hero, why change his surname altogether?
The third parallel suggested by Mr. Dieserud is between Tyrker in the
Flatey Book and Hake and Hekja in Eric’s Saga. Hake and Hekja, one
would think, make a more picturesque appeal to an imaginative writer
than Tyrker. They are at least as good material for a story. But they
are Scots or Celts while Tyrker is a German, they are two while he is
one; in fact, they show few points of resemblance. A better case could
be made out for a comparison between Tyrker and Thorhall the Hunter,
though even this would be pretty remote. These are the three instances
most prominently put forward to substantiate a charge of plagiarism.
When we look for points in one version which must inevitably have been
included in the other if the two accounts were interdependent, we are
only struck by the dissimilarity. The wild corn, so prominent in Eric’s
Saga and in the popular accounts which reached Adam of Bremen, is not
mentioned anywhere in the Flatey Book. The stranded whale, evidently
a fact, as shown by Thorhall’s verses, is referred to, but the whole
point of the story, as a story, is destroyed by too literal adherence
to what appears to be the simple truth.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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