The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussedGathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
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The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussed
Gathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
America -- Discovery and exploration -- Norse
And, setting aside for the moment the exact form of words used, we
may fairly say that the essential meaning of these various passages
is as follows:—Olaf Tryggvason also brought about the conversion of
Greenland. For this purpose he found an excellent agent in Leif, the
son of the founder of that colony, a man who attained distinction in
many ways, for he not only introduced the faith into those benighted
regions but he also earned the title of ‘Lucky’ by the discovery of
Wineland, and a brave and sensational rescue of a crew of shipwrecked
men. It will be observed that Leif’s career is only relevant in this
context in so far as it comes in contact with that of Olaf Tryggvason,
with whom the writer is principally concerned, and all that it was
necessary for him to know, and possibly all that he did know, was the
fact that Leif was Olaf’s missionary and that he had various other
claims to distinction. The when or the how of these various adventures
of Leif were altogether beside the point, and did not need to be
closely investigated. In this way, without any blame attaching to the
original chronicler, even if he was responsible for the present order
of the words, a false idea of the circumstances of Leif’s discovery may
easily have been started in Iceland.
Between the two ‘thættir’ or episodes which make up our story as
incorporated in the Flatey Book Saga of Olaf Tryggvason, the passage
already quoted from other texts appears, slightly edited into
conformity with the Wineland story of the book by the omission of any
reference to that country (see Appendix of Supplementary Passages, p.
75). The editing is incomplete, for the rescue of the crew remains, to
be repeated under different circumstances later on; but inasmuch as
the whole passage is obviously derived from the same source as the
others which have been mentioned, no point can legitimately be made
of this other than that the scribes of the Flatey Book did not carry
the interference with their sources very far, which on the whole only
goes to indicate that the Wineland story as they copied it suffered no
alteration in the process, a fact in favour of this version rather than
otherwise.
It also shows that the thættir were drawn from an independent source.
We may sum up the argument on this branch of the case as follows:
1. Leif was a person who came within the range of Icelandic interest
not because of his exploits in themselves, which rather concerned
Greenland, but because they had a bearing on the history of an
Icelandic hero, Karlsefni, and of a Norse king, Olaf Tryggvason.
2. For this purpose the precise circumstances and date of his Wineland
voyage were quite irrelevant.
3. The accounts therefore which appear of this voyage, both in Hauk’s
account of Wineland and in the sagas of Olaf Tryggvason, are, as we
should expect, extremely short and superficial.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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