The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussedGathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
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The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussed
Gathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
America -- Discovery and exploration -- Norse
Now Karlsefni’s voyage, in spite of some statements to the contrary in
the sagas, cannot have taken place till about a quarter of a century
after Leif’s, whether we date the latter from A.D. 1000, following
Hauk, or 1002, accepting the Flatey Book. This, though not generally
recognized, is clear from the known dates of the descendants of
Karlsefni’s Wineland-born son. Snorri’s grandson, Bishop Thorlak,
was born, as we find in the Annals, in 1085; Bishop Brand the first,
Snorri’s great-grandson, died in 1201. Brand’s mother therefore, of
the same generation as Thorlak, can hardly have been born so early as
1085. Putting the mean date of the birth of Snorri’s children at thirty
years before 1085, which is making a liberal allowance, we get the date
1055. Snorri therefore cannot have been born much before 1025. If the
Flatey Book is correct, Gudrid was married in 1003, and she certainly
was of a marriageable age before leaving Iceland, and was a widow when
Karlsefni married her. Karlsefni’s voyage and the birth of Snorri
should accordingly be placed rather earlier than 1025, say 1020. At
this time Eric would be about 70 years old, and, especially if he was
ageing in 1002, it is most improbable that he survived so long amid the
hardships of life in Greenland.
Again, when King Olaf the Holy, about 1018, wished to get rid of the
troublesome blind king Rörek, and commissioned Thorar Nefjolfson to
take him to Greenland, it was Leif Ericson, and not his father, whom
he designated as consignee. (Vide Heimskringla, Saga of Olaf the Holy,
_c._ 85.)
Finally, it seems strange that Leif should not have accompanied
Karlsefni on his voyage if there was nothing in particular for him
to do in Greenland, whereas if the management of Brattahlid and the
control of the colony had devolved on his shoulders by his father’s
death, the position is quite intelligible.[76]
There is accordingly abundant reason to conclude that on this point
also the Flatey Book is right, and Hauk is wrong.
Other small discrepancies which have not escaped the vigilance of
commentators can be explained as clerical slips, and consequently do
not go to the root of the matter. The alleged improbability of certain
details in both narratives will fall to be discussed hereafter.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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