The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussedGathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
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The Norse discoverers of America : $b the Wineland sagas translated & discussed
Gathorne-Hardy, G. M. (Geoffrey Malcolm)
America -- Discovery and exploration -- Norse
Of perhaps greater importance is the resemblance to fairy-tale which
Dr. Nansen seeks to establish from the frequent occurrence of the
number three.[78] This feature is not conspicuous in the Flatey Book
version, which gives us no fewer than six voyages—Bjarni, Leif,
Thorvald, Thorstein, Karlsefni, and Freydis—while the distances between
the lands are not given as equal in all cases. In the companion
version it is true that the figure three plays or can be made to play
a considerable part, yet it is doubtful if so much use can fairly be
made of the point as Dr. Nansen argues. There are three voyages—Leif’s,
Thorstein’s, Karlsefni’s; but the fact that the second alone is
unsuccessful robs the number of the significance which we should
expect in fairy-tale. Karlsefni’s expedition consists of three ships,
but this is explained by the circumstance that two of these belonged
to the visitors to Greenland, while one was manned by the local
contingent. Each ship had two leaders—not one or three—and the crews
totalled 160 men, so that the figure three is here only to be found
by selection from other quite arbitrary numbers. That three countries
are visited is only true if we take the nomenclature of the Flatey
Book; in the companion account we may rather say that five places are
mentioned—Helluland, Markland, Furdustrands, Straumsfjord, and Hóp.
With regard to the number of days’ voyage between the different places
visited, no emphasis is laid on the number three; the figure recorded
is two, and in some cases a long while. If it is said that two days’
voyage involves an arrival on the third day, then no use can fairly
be made of the three days’ search for Thorhall on the island, who was
found on the fourth day. Dr. Nansen draws attention to the fact that
three meetings with skrælings are recorded, but this is only true of
the skrælings at Hóp; it omits the five skrælings found sleeping by the
sea, and those whose boys were captured in Markland. If the episode
at Hóp is to be treated by itself, it is not a fair argument to say
that there were three casualties, for only two men were killed at this
time, with four of the savages. If Thorvald’s death at the hands of
the uniped is to be included, it would be reasonable to take the total
loss to the expedition from all causes, which would comprise Thorhall
the Hunter and his eight or nine companions, and Bjarni Grimolfson with
about half his crew. Altogether the uniformity of fairy-tale seems
conspicuously absent, and the mystic figure, appearing as it does with
other numbers which Dr. Nansen ignores, is explicable on quite rational
hypotheses.
_The Wild Grapes._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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