The North Americans of Antiquity: Their origin, migrations, and type of civilization consideredShort, John T. (John Thomas)
History
The North Americans of Antiquity: Their origin, migrations, and type of civilization considered
Short, John T. (John Thomas)
Indians -- Origin; Indians of Mexico -- Antiquities; Indians of North America -- Antiquities
Mr. John H. Becker, of Berlin, in an able paper addressed to the
Congrès des Américainistes at Luxembourg (_Compte Rendu de la Seconde
Session_, tom. i, pp. 325–50), after offering plausible arguments for
the identification of Tulan Zuiva of the Quichés, Hue hue Tlapalan of
the Toltecs, Amaquemecan of the Chichimecs, and Oztotlan of the Aztecs,
with the region of the upper Rio Grande del Norte and Rio Colorado—the
land of the ravines, of grottoes, and of cañons—attempts to trace the
Toltec migration as given by Ixtlilxochitl. His interesting solution
of the difficult problem is as follows: “The Toltecs driven out of Hue
hue Tlapalan by civil wars (towards the end of the fourth century of
our era?) move in a westerly direction sixty leagues to Tlapalanconco
(northern Sinaloa and Sonora on the Rio Yaqui, where distinct traces
of the Nahua language exist?); thence, after eleven years, they go
to Hueyxalan, seventy leagues distant (perhaps the northern part of
Durango, where the Tepehuana language shows strong Nahua affinities);
thence to Xalisco on the coast, one hundred leagues distant; thence
to Chimalhuacan Atenco on the coast opposite some islands, one
hundred leagues (opposite the islands in the southern end of the Gulf
of California)? In that case they did undoubtedly suffer a reverse
in Xalisco (where they touched upon the more thickly populated and
civilized country, and by which they were forced to retire); thence
eastward eighty leagues to Toxpan (in the neighborhood of the Laguna
de Tlahuila and on the upper Sabina River). In that country there is
even now a tribe of Tochos, and the Tarahumara language there spoken,
shows distinct affinities to the Nahua tongue; thence eastward one
hundred leagues to Quahuitzlan Anahuac, on the coast with inlets—the
coast-land of the state of Tamaulipas, on the Gulf of Mexico? About
this locality there can scarcely be a doubt, since this eastern coast
country and the eastern plateau bore the general name Quetzalapan or
Huitzilapan, until the Nahuas took possession of them, when the plateau
was designated as _Huitznahuac_, and the name above given would be
the natural one to apply to the coast, since while _nahuac_ (_an_)
means simply the Nahualand, _Anahuac_ (_an_) means the ‘Nahua land on
the water,’ while Quahuitzlan is the old name retained in order to
distinguish this Anahuac on the Gulf coast from the Anahuac around the
Mexican lakes. Here they ‘suffered great hardships,’ and finally went
westward eighty leagues to Zacatlan (the northern part of the State
of Zacatecas?); from there eighty leagues to Totzapan, probably again
in the neighborhood of Toxpan before mentioned (where the Tusanes are
located even to-day); thence one hundred and forty leagues to Tepetla
(the extraordinary distance shows that at last they gained a decisive
victory, and broke through the frontier of the more civilized country
which they had hitherto felt). Tepetla, mountainland, must consequently
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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