mound, and is fifty feet front, thirty-one feet deep, and about forty feet high. The roof was something like our gambrel type, being the same all around without gables, with a level platform about three feet wide along the ridge, from which arose a peculiar stone and stucco, latticed, superstructure in two stories, the first about seven and the second about eight feet high. See illustrations, pages 210 and 235. There was abundant stucco ornamentation over the exterior, and on each side of the entrance was one of the figures referred to in the last chapter. [Illustration: RUIN OF EAST FAÇADE AND IGLESIA, “PALACE” CHICHEN-ITZA, YUCATAN Holmes’s _Archæological Studies in Mexico_ ] [Illustration: ELEVATION OF KWAKIUTL HOUSE] [Illustration: VIEW IN THE MOKI TOWN OF MISHONGNAVI, ARIZONA Construction: stone slabs laid in adobe mortar. Site: barren summit of a mesa. The ladders were pulled up in time of danger ] The mortar used is said to have been a cement made of one part slaked lime to two parts of zahcab. This was used by all the ancient Mayas and is used still in that country. It is, however, doubtful if slaked lime was known to the ancients. There is no evidence of it. At Mitla is yet another type of house ascribed to the Zapotecs.[217] It is in the Mexican State of Oaxaca. The human figures and animal carvings and forms seen in the Yucatan ruins are absent. The rooms are the same, long and narrow, with no openings except the doors. One of the most unusual features is a great hall 12 by 121 feet, with six round stone columns standing at intervals of about fifteen feet down the middle. See illustrations, pages 9 and 209. These average about twelve feet high and nine feet in circumference. The walls are forty-eight inches thick, of roughly broken stones laid in courses in plenty of adobe mortar, the outer parts of all the buildings being faced by slabs of stone containing the ornamentation, which is wholly geometrical. Some adobe brick walls are forty-six inches thick. The columns are out of the common because they are single stones, but built up piers are often used in Pueblo architecture, and the North-west coast Amerinds use the column in wood very frequently to support their large longitudinal rafters. One of these which I sketched in an Alaskan house at Cape Fox is given in the illustration, page 162. The roofs at Mitla were wooden beams covered with earth and stone slabs. See illustration, page 230. There are other ruins all through Honduras and Nicaragua and the rest of Central America. Squier says: “In Honduras, as also in San Salvador, I heard of remains and monuments equal to those of Copan in extent and interest.”