The North-Americans of yesterday : $b a comparative study of North-American Indian life, customs, and products, on the theory of the ethnic unity of the raceDellenbaugh, Frederick Samuel
History
The North-Americans of yesterday : $b a comparative study of North-American Indian life, customs, and products, on the theory of the ethnic unity of the race
Dellenbaugh, Frederick Samuel
Indians of Mexico; Indians of North America
The Pai Utes made a garment of rabbit-skins which was very warm. The
skins were twisted and attached one to another end and end, making a
sort of fur rope, and this rope was tied in parallel lines, forming
a kind of large cloak which was most serviceable in winter. Flax, or
a plant closely allied to it, also grew wild all over Arizona and
New Mexico, and was used for garments. The bark of the sagebrush was
used to make cord and mats. Yucca also furnished a supply of valuable
fibre. Cotton was grown by many of the Pueblos and is still cultivated
by the Mokis, who manufacture a sacred blanket from it that is sought
after at good prices by the Pueblos of other districts. It is a finely
woven white blanket, with a broad red stripe transversely at each end.
It is worn by women in the ceremonials. The Mokis are good weavers,
using a loom similar to that employed by the Navajos. The Moki loom
is generally set up in the kiva[104] where often there are permanent
attachments for it, and there the men, who do all the weaving among
this tribe, patiently execute their plans. Most of the Moki blankets
are of low colours and simple design, dark blue being, with black, the
favourite tint. The usual material is the wool of the European sheep,
which has flourished among the Pueblos ever since it was introduced by
the Spaniards. The sheep are herded on the plains during the day and at
night are driven up the talus of the cliffs to corrals that lie just
below the plateau on which the villages are built. The Navajos living
in the surrounding country have far larger flocks than those of the
Moki, and weave only wool. In fact, there are amongst the Navajos more
than a million and a half head of sheep and goats. Most of the wool
from these they usually sell to dealers at four or five cents a pound
and then purchase for their blanket-work at high prices Germantown
wools of brilliant colours, which colours they cannot obtain with their
own dyes, though the colours they do secure are far more artistic.
Formerly, to get the brilliant red of which they are so fond, they
would buy a Mexican cloth, called _bayeta_, a sort of flannel, and
ravel it, to reweave it in their blankets. The women do most of the
weaving amongst the Navajos. The colours are usually bright, though
the every-day serviceable blanket is of dark blue and white or black
and white, or of the natural grey of the wool. The greater gaudiness
of much of the Navajo work has given it a reputation of superiority
to that of the Pueblo, which, in my opinion, is not wholly correct.
Washington Matthews,[105] who has so carefully studied the subject,
states that there is a constant deterioration in Pueblo weaving, which
may be true in general, but hardly applies to the Moki. I have a sample
of Moki work which, so far as weaving skill is concerned, is as fine
as any Navajo work I have ever seen. The Moki do not turn out as much
as the Navajo, because they are a far smaller tribe; and their product
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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