Produced by Patrick Hopkins and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) Transcriber's Note - All footnotes have been moved to the end of the book. - Illustration captions in {brackets} have been added by the transcriber for reader convenience. - In general, geographical references, spelling, hyphenation, and capitalization have been retained as in the original publication. - Minor typographical errors--usually periods and commas--have been corrected without note. - Significant typographical errors have been corrected. A full list of these corrections is available in the Transcriber's Corrections section at the end of the book. * * * * * THE NUMERICAL STRENGTH OF THE CONFEDERATE ARMY [Illustration: {Logo with letter "N"}] THE NUMERICAL STRENGTH OF THE CONFEDERATE ARMY AN EXAMINATION OF THE ARGUMENT OF THE HON. CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS AND OTHERS BY RANDOLPH H. McKIM, D.D., LL.D., D.C.L. _Late 1st Lieut, and A. D. C. 3d Brigade Army of Northern Virginia. Author of "A Soldier's Recollections."_ _Exigui numero sed bello vivida virtus--Virgil_ It will be difficult to get the world to understand the odds against which we fought. --GENERAL ROBERT E. LEE [Illustration: {Logo}] NEW YORK THE NEALE PUBLISHING COMPANY 1912 Copyright, 1912, by THE NEALE PUBLISHING COMPANY PREFACE The distinguished soldier and critic whose name appears on the title page argues, as do various other Northern critics, that the usual Southern estimate of the strength of the Confederate army is too small by half. This conclusion is supported, they contend, both by the census of 1860, according to which there were at the very beginning of the war between the States nearly a million men in the Southern States of military age, and by the number of regiments of the several armies, as shown by the muster rolls of the Confederate army, captured on Lee's retreat from Richmond, and now stored among the archives in Washington. This second line of argument has been developed, among others, by two well-known military critics, Colonel Wm. F. Fox, in his monumental work entitled "_Regimental Losses in the Civil War_" (who concludes that the Southern Armies contained the equivalent of 764 regiments, of ten companies each), and by Thomas L. Livermore, Colonel of the 18th New Hampshire Volunteers, in his laborious and painstaking monograph, "Numbers and Losses in the Civil War in America," published in 1901.