There are two remarks of General Adams to which, before closing, I should like to call attention. He states that the foreigners in the Union army were more than counterbalanced by our drastic conscription ("Military Studies," p. 246). Now it appears from official reports that there were 494,000 foreigners in the Union army, so that he must have supposed that the conscription law produced about 500,000 soldiers. It actually produced, east of the Mississippi, 81,992 men from February, 1862, when the first law was passed, to February, 1865. We cannot suppose that the additions from the States west of the Mississippi--Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas--could have been even one-fourth as numerous. The military population was about one-third as large, but by 1863 that territory was overrun by the Federal armies. But if we put these at 20,000, we have only 101,992, instead of the half million which Mr. Adams supposes. And if we should add the 76,000 men which the conscription officers, magnifying their diligence, _guessed_ had been driven into the army by enlistment to avoid conscription we would then have only 177,993. Again, General Adams says: "As respects mere numbers, it is capable of demonstration that at the close of the struggle the preponderance was on the side of the Confederacy, and distinctly so. The Union at that time had, it is said, a million men on its muster rolls.... It might possibly have been able to put 500,000 men into the fighting line. On the other side ... the fighting strength of the Confederacy cannot have been less than two-thirds its normal strength. The South should have been able to muster, on paper, 900,000 men." (_Idem_, pp. 241-2.) Compare this statement of what the South _should have been able_ to muster with the consolidated abstract of the latest returns of the Confederate army showing what she _was able_ to muster. This is the record: Officers and men in _all_ the Confederate armies, February, 1865, aggregate for duty, 160,000; aggregate present and absent, 358,000 (W. R., iv. iii. p. 1182). General Marcus Wright, an expert authority, estimates the strength of the Confederate army _at the close of the war_ thus: Present 157,613 Absent 117,387 ------- Total 275,000 And of the Union army thus: Present 797,807 Absent 202,700 --------- Total 1,000,507