Cuttings, which should be made of young shoots during spring, and placed under glass. =Gomphrena.= See Celosia. =Gonolobus.= _Asclepiadeæ._ Seeds, divisions, and cuttings under glass. =Goodenia.= _Goodenovieæ._ Seed. During spring, cuttings will root freely if placed under glass. =Goodia.= _Leguminosæ._ Seeds may be used. Cuttings of young shoots may be made during spring, and placed in a frame. =Gooseberry= (_Ribes Grossularia_ and _R. oxyacanthoides_). _Saxifrageæ._ Seeds, for the raising of new varieties, should be sown as soon as well cured, in loamy or sandy soil, or they may be stratified and sown together with the sand in the spring. Cuttings six to eight inches long of the mature wood, inserted two-thirds their length, usually grow readily, especially if taken in August or September and stored during winter, in the same way as currant cuttings. Single eye cuttings may be used for rare kinds. Stronger plants are usually obtained by layers, and the English varieties are nearly always layered in this country. Mound-layering is usually employed, the English varieties being allowed to remain in layerage two years, but the American varieties only one (Fig. 21). Layered plants are usually set in nursery rows for a year after removal from the stools. Green-layering during summer is sometimes practiced for new or rare varieties. Strong plants may also be procured by tip-layering, as in the black raspberry (see p. 33). If it is desired to train the weaker gooseberries in tree form, they may be grafted upon the stronger-growing varieties. =Gordonia=, including Polyspora. _Ternstrœmiaceæ._ Propagated by seeds or layers. =Gorse.= See Ulex. =Goumi.= See Elæagnus. =Gourds= (_Cucurbita Pepo_, _Lagenaria_, etc.). _Cucurbitaceæ._ Seeds, after the weather is settled and ground is warm. =Grammanthes.= _Crassulaceæ._ Seeds, sown in spring in a warm house. =Granadilla= (_Passiflora edulis_, etc.). _Passifloreæ._ Propagated by seeds, or, less easily, by cuttings. =Grape= (_Vitis_, several species). _Vitaceæ._ Grape seedlings are very easily grown. If the ground is fit and there is no danger from vermin, the seeds may be sown in the fall, but they are usually stratified and sown in spring. They come readily if sown out-doors, but some prefer to force them under glass with a mild bottom heat. Seedlings do not "come true," and they are therefore grown only for the purpose of obtaining new sorts.