Seeds (properly fruits) planted upon the approach of warm weather. =Malcolmia.= _Cruciferæ._ Propagated by seeds. =Mallow.= See Malva. =Malope.= _Malvaceæ._ Seeds may be sown either under glass in early spring, or in the open border a month or two later. =Malpighia.= _Malpighiaceæ._ Cuttings of nearly ripened shoots may be made in summer, with leaves or under glass. =Malva= (Mallow). _Malvaceæ._ The annuals by seeds only. The perennials may be increased by seeds, divisions or cuttings. =Malvaviscus=, Achania. _Malvaceæ._ Increased by seeds, and by cuttings of side shoots, placed under glass, in heat. =Mammea= (Mammee Apple, St. Domingo Apricot). _Guttiferæ._ Seeds. Cuttings of half-ripened shoots should be taken with the leaves on and placed in a frame. =Mammillaria.= See Cactus. =Mandevilla.= _Apocynaceæ._ Propagated by seeds, layers, or cuttings of half-ripened wood. =Mandiocca.= See Manihot. =Mandragora= (Mandrake). _Solanaceæ._ Propagated by seeds or by divisions. =Mandrake.= See Mandragora and Podophyllum. =Manettia.= _Rubiaceæ._ Seeds are sometimes employed. Usually increased by cuttings of young shoots. Root-cuttings are sometimes made. =Mangifera.= See Mango. =Mango= (_Mangifera Indica_). _Anacardiaceæ._ Stocks are obtained by seeds. The seeds usually have more than one embryo, sometimes as many as ten. Each embryo will produce a distinct plant. The embryos may be separated before planting, but it is preferable to separate the young plantlets soon after germination, before they grow together, as they are apt to do. The seeds germinate better if the hard shell is removed before planting. Seeds retain their vitality but a few days, and if to be shipped for sowing they should be enclosed in wax. Seedlings begin to bear from the third to the sixth years. Varieties are inarched upon other stocks. =Mangostana=, Mangosteen. See Garcinia. =Manicaria=, Pilophora. _Palmæ._ Increased by seeds, which should be sown in a strong, moist heat. =Manihot=, Janipha, Mandiocca. _Euphorbiaceæ._ Propagation is effected by cuttings of young and rather firm shoots, placed in sandy peat under glass, in bottom heat. For the propagation of _M. Aipe_, see Cassava. =Mantisia.= _Scitamineæ._ Propagated usually by divisions, made just as growth commences. =Maple.= See Acer. =Maranta.= _Scitamineæ._ Propagated the same as Calathea, which see. =Marguerite= or =Paris Daisy= (_Chrysanthemum frutescens_). _Compositæ._ Cuttings, as described for Chrysanthemum. =Marica.= _Irideæ._ Propagated by seeds, and by division of the rhizomes, placing each portion in sand, in a high bottom heat. =Marigold.= See Tagetes. =Mariposa Lily.= See Calochortus. =Marsdenia.= _Asclepiadeæ._