By seeds sown in March. By cuttings made in spring from half-ripened wood, and placed under a bell-glass. =Abronia= (Sand Verbena). _Nyctaginaceæ._ Propagated by seeds sown in autumn or spring, after the outer skin has been peeled off. Sow in pots of sandy soil, and keep in a frame until the following spring; then place in their flowering quarters. By young cuttings, set in spring, in sandy soil. =Abrus.= _Leguminosæ._ Propagated by seeds raised in heat or by cuttings under a hand-glass, in sand. =Abuta.= _Menispermaceæ._ Propagated by cuttings planted in a pot of sand, with a hand-glass placed over them, in heat. =Abutilon.= _Malvaceæ._ Sow seeds in pans, with same soil and temperature as for cuttings. By cuttings from young wood, at almost any season; the best time, however, is spring or fall. Insert in pots, in a compost of equal parts peat, leaf-mould, loam and sand, and place in a temperature of 65° to 75°. =Acacia.= _Leguminosæ._ Propagate by seeds sown as soon as ripe, in sandy peat; about one-fourth inch deep, or a little more for large seeds. Soak in hot water 24 hours if seeds are not fresh. Keep temperature about 55° or 60° and pot off when large enough to handle. By cuttings of the half-ripened wood, put in with a heel, in equal parts peat and sand, covered with pure sand. Insert the cuttings as soon as made; water, and leave them in the shade till dry. Place under a bell-glass, shade and water to prevent flagging. Pot off when rooted and keep in a close pit or house until the plants are thoroughly established. _A. pubescens_ and some others strike readily from root-cuttings. =Acæna.= _Rosaceæ._ Propagated by seeds, divisions, creeping rootlets and cuttings. =Acalypha.= _Euphorbiaceæ._ Propagated by cuttings in sandy soil under a glass, in stove heat, during late winter or in spring. =Acanthephippium.= _Orchideæ._ Propagated by dividing the pseudo-bulbs as soon as growth commences. (See under Orchids.) =Acantholimon.= _Plantagineæ._ Propagated by seeds sown carefully on a warm but rather shaded border; by very carefully made divisions; and by cuttings made in late summer and placed in frames to remain during the winter. =Acanthophœnix.= _Palmæ._ Propagated by seeds, sown in a moist bottom heat, in a well decomposed compost of one part loam, one of peat, one of leaf-mould, and one of sand. =Acanthorhiza.= _Palmæ._ Propagated by seeds in a moist hot-bed in spring. =Acanthostachyum.= _Bromeliaceæ._ Propagated by suckers, which strike readily in bottom heat. =Acanthus= (Bear's Breech). _Acanthaceæ._ Propagated by seeds sown in gentle heat, or by division of the root in autumn or early spring. Also by root-cuttings. Water carefully. =Acer= (Maple). _Sapindaceæ._