The nutrition of manChittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Science
The nutrition of man
Chittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Nutrition
In these suggestions we have not theory only, but a number of very
important facts which plainly must have some significance. Take,
for example, the excretion of creatinin. It is a characteristic
nitrogenous waste product, but its elimination from the body is wholly
independent of quantitative changes in the total amount of nitrogen
excreted. In other words, the amount of creatinin eliminated is a
constant quantity for a given individual under ordinary conditions,
no matter how great the variation in the amount of proteid food,
provided no meat is eaten. Meat must be avoided in testing this point,
since meat contains a certain amount of creatin, or other components,
which would be excreted as creatinin. Further, it is found that every
individual has his own specific creatinin excretion, which fact again
emphasizes the idea that this substance is a product of true tissue
katabolism, having no connection with that variable metabolism, of
which urea is the striking representative. These are facts which cannot
be ignored. They are well established by the careful observations of
Folin, and they are confirmed by a large number of observations made in
our own laboratory. Turn now to that other, more conspicuous, product
of proteid katabolism, urea. With a so-called average proteid intake,
about 88–90 per cent of the excreted nitrogen will be in the form of
urea, but, as Folin states, “with every decided diminution in the
quantity of total nitrogen eliminated, there is a pronounced reduction
in the per cent of that nitrogen represented by urea. When the daily
total nitrogen elimination has been reduced to 3 grams or 4 grams,
about 60 per cent of it only is in the form of urea.” Here, we have the
chief product of exogenous metabolism, a substance quite distinct from
creatinin, just as the process by which it originates is likewise quite
distinct.
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