The nutrition of manChittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Science
The nutrition of man
Chittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Nutrition
Supper.--Corned beef 195 grams, potatoes 170 grams, onions 21 grams,
bread 158 grams, fruit jelly 107 grams, coffee 450 grams, sugar 21
grams.
It is not necessary to comment upon the large proportion of proteid
matter in the day’s ration; the three large portions of meat testify
clearly enough to that fact, while the three equally large volumes of
coffee indicate a natural disposition toward generous consumption of
anything available. Habit, reinforced by inclination, had evidently
placed these men on a high plane of food consumption.
For a period of six months, a daily dietary was prescribed for the
subjects; the food for each meal and for every man being of known
composition, each article being carefully weighed, while the content of
nitrogen in the day’s ration was so graded as to bring about a gradual
reduction in the amount of proteid ingested. The rate of proteid
katabolism was likewise determined each day by careful estimation of
the excreted nitrogen, balance experiments being made from time to
time in order to ascertain if the men were in a condition of nitrogen
equilibrium. Finally, it should be mentioned that the subjects lived
a fairly active life, having each day a certain amount of prescribed
exercise in the university gymnasium, in addition to the regular drill
and other duties associated with their usual work.
[Illustration: _Photograph of the soldiers taken at the close of the
experiment_]
[Illustration: _Photograph of the soldiers taken at the close of the
experiment_]
As just stated, the amount of proteid food was gradually reduced,
three weeks being taken to bring the amount down to a level somewhat
commensurate with the estimated needs of the body. This naturally
resulted in diminishing largely the intake of meat, though by no means
entirely excluding it. Effort was constantly made to introduce as
much variety as was possible with simple foods, though the main problem
with this group of men was to keep the volume of the food up to such
a point as would dispel any notion that they were not having enough
to eat. A second problem, which at first threatened trouble, was the
fear of the men, as they saw the proportion of meat gradually drop
off, that they were destined to lose their strength; but fortunately,
they very soon began to realize that their fears in this direction
were groundless, and a little later their personal experience opened
their eyes to possible advantages which quickly drove away all further
thought of danger, and made them quite content to continue the
experiment. We may introduce here a few samples of the daily food given
to the men after they had reached their lower level of proteid intake:
_January 15._
Breakfast.--Wheat griddle cakes 200 grams, syrup 50 grams, one cup
coffee[62] 350 grams.
Dinner.--Codfish balls (4 parts potato, 1 part fish, fried in pork
fat) 150 grams, stewed tomato 200 grams, bread 75 grams, one cup
coffee 350 grams, apple pie 95 grams.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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