The nutrition of manChittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Science
The nutrition of man
Chittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Nutrition
With these thoughts before us, we may consider briefly just what is
involved in these new dietary standards that aim to conform more
closely with actual body needs. Referring at first to proteid food, it
may be wise to again emphasize the fact that the weight of the body,
_i. e._, the weight of the proteid-containing tissues, as contrasted
with excessive fat accumulation, is one of the important factors not to
be overlooked when determining the dietary needs of a given individual.
As must be perfectly clear, from all that has been said, the man of
170 pounds’ body-weight has more proteid tissue to nourish than the
man of 130 pounds’ weight, and consequently what will satisfy the
requirements of the latter individual will not suffice for the former.
We must understand distinctly that no general statement can be made
applicable to mankind at large, but due consideration must be given to
the size and weight of the individual structure. We have found that
the average need for proteid food by adults is fully met by a daily
metabolism equal to an exchange of 0.12 gram of nitrogen per kilogram
of body-weight. This means a katabolism of three-fourths of a gram of
proteid matter daily, per kilogram.
Remembering, however, that the intake of proteid food must be somewhat
in excess of the actual proteid katabolism, since not all of the
proteid of the food is available, and as this is a variable amount
depending upon the proportion of animal and vegetable foods with their
different degrees of digestibility and availability, we may place the
required intake of proteid at 0.85 gram per kilogram of body-weight,
still keeping to maximum figures for safety’s sake. Hence, for a man
weighing 70 kilograms or 154 pounds, there would be required daily
59.5 grams--say 60 grams--of proteid food to meet the needs of the
body. These are perfectly trustworthy figures, with a reasonable margin
of safety, and carrying perfect assurance of being really more than
sufficient to meet the true wants of the body; adequate to supply all
physiological demands for reserve proteid, and able to cope with the
erratic requirements of personal idiosyncrasies. It will be observed
that such an intake of proteid food daily is equal to one-half the Voit
standard for a man of this weight, while it is still further below the
Atwater standard and far below the common practices of the majority of
mankind in Europe and America, as indicated by the published dietary
studies.
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