The nutrition of manChittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Science
The nutrition of man
Chittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Nutrition
It may not be out of place to state at this point that in the writer’s
opinion the use of the terms “standard diet” and “dietary standards,”
etc., is objectionable, since such usage seems to demand a certain
degree of definiteness in the daily diet for which there is no
justification. As in the use of the term “normal diet,” there is danger
of misinterpretation, and of the assumption that dietary habits should
be regulated strictly in accord with certain set principles. This I
believe to be altogether wrong; there should be, on the contrary,
full latitude for individual freedom, but freedom governed by an
intelligence that appreciates the significance of scientific fact
and is willing to mould custom and habit into accord with them. What
is needed to-day is not so much an acceptance of the view that man
requires daily 0.85 gram of proteid per kilogram of body-weight, as a
full appreciation of the general principle, which our definite figures
have helped to work out, that the requirements of the body for proteid
food are far below the customary habits of mankind, and that there is
both economy and gain in various directions to be derived by following
the general precepts which this view leads to. In other words, there
is no advantage, but, on the contrary, much bother and worriment, in
attempting to follow out in practice the details of our more or less
exact physiological experiments.
The general teaching which they afford, however, can be adopted and
put in practice in our daily lives, without striving to follow too
closely the so-called standards which our experiments have led to.
Again, the sample dietaries adopted in our experiments have no special
virtue, aside from the general principle they teach that simple foods
are quite adequate for the nourishment of the body, and that the amount
of nitrogen or proteid they contain was sufficient to meet the demands
of the particular individuals consuming it. Broadening intelligence on
matters of food composition is called for on all sides, and as this
is acquired together with due appreciation of the relative nutritive
values of proteid, fat, and carbohydrate, there is placed at our
command the power of intelligent discrimination, with the ability
to apply the principles set forth in our own way, in harmony with
personal likes and dislikes.
To the majority of us, not very familiar with the percentage
composition of ordinary food materials, and unaccustomed to the
weighing of food in grams, the figures given from time to time may
have failed to convey a very definite impression regarding the actual
amounts of the various foods made use of. Further, our ideas concerning
the bulk of many of the common articles of food necessary to furnish
the 60 grams of proteid required daily by a man of 70 kilograms
body-weight may be somewhat hazy. The following table, however, will be
of service in this direction:
SIXTY GRAMS OF PROTEID ARE CONTAINED IN
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