The nutrition of manChittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Science
The nutrition of man
Chittenden, R. H. (Russell Henry)
Nutrition
The average of daily food consumption for the total of 746 days was as
follows: 74.2 grams proteid, 117 grams fat, 213 grams carbohydrate, and
2367 calories. On such a diet, during this long period, equilibrium was
satisfactorily maintained, thereby furnishing additional evidence that
quantities of food way below the so-called normal amounts are quite
adequate to meet the needs of the body. There is no conflict whatever
between these results and our own; they both point in the same general
direction. Perhaps the one thing that needs to be again emphasized,
however, in view of the low fuel values used by Neumann, is that while
they proved quite adequate in his case, the demand in this direction is
governed largely by the degree of bodily activity. In fact, Neumann’s
results with fuel values are in perfect harmony with the data obtained
by us with professional men, but the writer is inclined to believe that
for the majority of mankind, with the varying degrees of activity and
muscular exertion called for, a somewhat larger number of heat units is
desirable, and indeed on many occasions demanded.
Still, it is perfectly obvious that custom has greatly exaggerated
the fuel values required in ordinary muscular work, and such results
as are here presented tend to emphasize the true relationship between
actual requirements and fuel intake. Further, it must not be overlooked
that the rate of proteid katabolism is governed in large measure by the
amount of non-nitrogenous food, and consequently a too narrow margin in
the consumption of the latter will obviously result in a higher rate
of proteid exchange. We are inclined to the belief that a satisfactory
degree of bodily efficiency is more liable to be maintained with a
somewhat larger consumption of carbohydrate food, combined with a
reduction in proteid food to a level nearer our own figures. It will
be observed that the average amount of carbohydrate taken daily by
Neumann, during the 746 days, was only 213 grams, while the daily
consumption of fat averaged 117 grams. These figures are interesting
and instructive in many ways, especially as indicating the ease with
which the body accommodates itself to a relatively low intake of
proteid food, combined with a small proportion of starches and sugars.
This relationship between carbohydrate and fat might well occur at
times as a natural result of personal taste, but as a general rule it
is probably better, from the standpoint of digestibility and general
availability, for the daily food to contain a larger proportion of
carbohydrate.
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